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Nina Setiyawati
Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Information Technology, Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering

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Experimental Modeling of Face Emotion Recognition Using Machine Learning Classification (SVM, KNN, Random Forest) and Deep Learning CNN Shane Ardyanto Baskara; Nina Setiyawati
Teknika Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Service, Institut Informatika Indonesia (IKADO) Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34148/teknika.v14i2.1232

Abstract

Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) is a technology that analyzes facial expressions to detect emotions, playing a growing role in psychology and Human-Computer Interaction. In Indonesia, mental health issues are rising, with emotional disorders increasing from 6.0% in 2013 to 9.8% in 2018. Over 19 million people aged 15+ were affected in 2018, a number likely worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the urgency of early detection, FER offers a non-invasive method to help identify mental health issues. It can support timely intervention and promote psychological well-being, especially in under-resourced settings. This study compares several Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models—SVM, K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)—to classify facial emotions. The dataset used is the Facial Expression Recognition dataset by Jonathan Oheix from Kaggle. Images were preprocessed and used to train and evaluate each model. Traditional ML models relied on extracted features, while CNN learned features directly from images. Results show that CNN achieved the highest accuracy among the tested models. This suggests that FER, especially with CNN, can be a useful tool for early detection of emotional disorders in mental health contexts.
Comparison and Implementation of CNN Facial Emotion Recognition Model with Hyperparameter Analysis on Multiple Datasets Xaviera Valentina Tandianto; Dwi Hosanna Bangkalang; Nina Setiyawati
Teknika Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Service, Institut Informatika Indonesia (IKADO) Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34148/teknika.v15i1.1445

Abstract

This study presents a systematic comparison and implementation of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) across multiple public datasets, namely FER-2013, FER+, RAF-DB, and AffectNet. Unlike previous studies that focused on a single dataset or different model architectures, The main contributions of this research consist of three aspects. First, a five-layer integrated CNN architecture is used to enable fair cross-dataset evaluation within a consistent training and testing framework. Second, structured hyperparameter tuning is performed, including variations in learning rate, batch size, filter configuration, and dropout rate, resulting in a stable and reproducible model configuration. Third, an in-depth analysis was conducted to explore the impact of annotation quality and dataset complexity on model performance. The experimental results show that FER+ achieved the highest accuracy and weighted F1 score thanks to better label consistency, followed by RAF-DB, while FER-2013 and AffectNet experienced a decline in performance due to label noise and higher pose and lighting variations. Further confusion matrix analysis shows that happy and neutral expressions are classified more reliably, while negative emotions such as anger, fear, and disgust remain challenging. To validate practical application, the best-performing model was implemented in a webcam-based facial expression recognition prototype using Python and OpenCV, demonstrating reliable frame-level emotion inference under controlled real-time conditions.
Co-Authors Dwi Hosanna Bangkalang Shane Ardyanto Baskara Xaviera Valentina Tandianto