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All Journal Custodia: Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry Sapientia Diversalis: Journal of Human Interaction and Social Studies
Ratna Kumala Hapsarani
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Internal Conflicts Among Law Enforcement Officials: Professional Integrity or Economic Necessity? Ratna Kumala Hapsarani
Journal of Human Interaction and Social Studies Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : May: Sapientia Diversalis: Journal of Human Interaction and Social Studies
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/8yce9q60

Abstract

The effectiveness of law enforcement is fundamentally influenced by the integrity of legal actors who exercise public authority within judicial, prosecutorial, advocacy, and policing institutions. This study examines the phenomenon of internal conflict experienced by law enforcement officers when professional obligations intersect with economic pressures, organizational expectations, and institutional dynamics. Employing a non-empirical legal research design grounded in a normative socio-legal approach, the study utilizes statutory regulations, professional codes of ethics, legal doctrines, scholarly literature, and documented cases involving ethical misconduct, corruption, bribery, and professional violations. The analysis demonstrates that internal conflict emerges from the interaction between normative demands for integrity and socio-economic realities influencing legal decision-making. Existing legal frameworks provide comprehensive obligations concerning professionalism, accountability, and independence; however, persistent ethical violations indicate limitations in the practical internalization of these norms. Institutional culture, discretionary authority, economic incentives, and external influence contribute significantly to integrity-related challenges within law enforcement institutions. The study argues that sustainable law enforcement requires the integration of ethical accountability, effective supervision, institutional independence, and integrity-based organizational governance. Strengthening these dimensions is essential for enhancing public trust, legal legitimacy, and the realization of substantive justice within the rule-of-law framework.
Analisis Yuridis Batasan Kewajiban Pemberitahuan Informasi (Duty of Disclosure) dalam Pembentukan Polis Asuransi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2014 tentang Perasuransian Intan Prima Maharani; Ratna Kumala Hapsarani
Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry Vol 1 No 4 (2026): June: Custodia: Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/3y8w5812

Abstract

This study examines the juridical boundaries of the duty of disclosure in the formation of insurance policies under Law Number 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance, within the framework of Indonesian insurance law. The research employs a normative legal method using statute and conceptual approaches, focusing on the interpretation of legal norms governing disclosure obligations and their implications for contractual validity. The findings reveal that the existing legal framework, particularly Article 251 of the Indonesian Commercial Code, still reflects a classical approach that places a disproportionate burden on the insured, while modern regulations emphasize consumer protection and transparency. The absence of clear criteria for determining material facts and the extent of disclosure obligations has led to interpretative inconsistencies and increased disputes, particularly in claim rejections and policy cancellations. This study proposes a normative reconstruction by introducing a proportional and reciprocal disclosure framework, supported by a clearer classification of material information and a more balanced sanction mechanism. The research contributes to the development of insurance law by offering a more coherent juridical construction that integrates legal certainty, fairness, and consumer protection within contemporary insurance practices.
Co-Authors Intan Prima Maharani