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All Journal Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Lusi Aferta
Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering

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SYNERGISTIC INTERFACIAL CHEMISTRY OF HUMIC ACID AND ACTIVATED FLY ASH FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE Mn²⁺ ADSORPTION Ninik Triayu Susparini; Alamsyah Sultan Ramadhan; Lusi Aferta; Marlon Jusak Renaldy Benu; Sri Wijayanti; Ali Tantowi
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v10i4.14706

Abstract

This study developed a hybrid adsorbent derived from activated fly ash (FA) and humic acid (HA) for effective Mn²⁺ removal from aqueous solutions. Fly ash was activated using 1 M NaOH to increase its surface hydroxyl groups (≡Si–OH and ≡Al–OH) and enhance reactivity. The activated FA was then composited with HA, which contains abundant –COOH and –OH groups, forming an inorganic–organic hybrid with improved adsorption capability. The HA–FA composite with a 1:3 mass ratio exhibited the highest Mn²⁺ removal efficiency of 98.80% after 120 minutes, significantly outperforming both HA and FA individually. FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of Si–O–C and Al–O–C linkages, indicating strong chemical interactions between the mineral and organic phases. Statistical analysis (Shapiro–Wilk, Levene, and ANOVA; p < 0.05) demonstrated that both adsorbent composition and contact time significantly influenced the adsorption efficiency. Overall, the HA–FA hybrid represents a low-cost, sustainable, and high-performance adsorbent capable of efficiently removing heavy metals from wastewater, providing a promising approach for transforming industrial and natural wastes into functional environmental materials
Lemon Extract as a Green Activator for Durian Peel-Derived Activated Carbon: Enhanced Copper Adsorption and Sustainable Waste Valorisation Ninik Triayu Susparini; Husnul Khotimah; Holishah Widiyanto; Dian Susvira; Lusi Aferta
Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): JULY | INTEKA - Jurnal Inovasi Teknik Kimia
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/inteka.v11i3.15731

Abstract

The development of green, low-cost adsorbents from agricultural waste remains a critical challenge for sustainable wastewater treatment. Herein, durian peel waste was converted into porous activated carbon using lemon extract as a novel natural activator, and its efficiency for Cu²⁺ removal was systematically evaluated. The activation process drastically reduced moisture content from 14% to 2% and ash content from 14% to 4%, while increasing iodine adsorption capacity from 824.85 to 888.30 mg g⁻¹, fully complying with SNI 06-3730-1995 standards. SEM analysis revealed a remarkable transformation in surface morphology, with pore diameters expanding from 9.42–12.6 μm (non-activated) to 12.1–15.8 μm after activation, indicating successful pore development. EDX confirmed Cu deposition (0.67 atom%) on the adsorbent surface post-adsorption, corroborating effective metal uptake. Remarkably, the activated carbon achieved 99.61% Cu²⁺ removal efficiency under optimal conditions (25% lemon extract, 15 min contact time), representing one of the highest performances reported for fruit peel-based adsorbents. Two-way ANOVA demonstrated that both activator concentration and contact time significantly influenced adsorption efficiency (p < 0.05). These findings provide compelling evidence that lemon extract serves as an efficient, eco-friendly chemical activator, and that durian peel-derived activated carbon holds exceptional promise for practical remediation of copper-contaminated water.
Co-Authors Alamsyah Sultan Ramadhan Ali Tantowi Dian Susvira Holishah Widiyanto Husnul Khotimah Marlon Jusak Renaldy Benu Ninik Triayu Susparini Ninik Triayu Susparini Sri Wijayanti