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All Journal Journal of Governance and Law Reform
Muhammad Ghazi Alfaruqi Ilmi
Universitas Andalas

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UTILIZATION OF THE WATER FOOTPRINT REGULATION CONCEPT AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR CONTROLLING INDUSTRIAL WATER CONSUMPTION IN PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES Muhammad Ghazi Alfaruqi Ilmi; Hafidz Aulia Faturrahman; Nabilla Meisya Adriani
Journal of Governance and Law Reform Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Catalist Indo Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64670/jglr.v1i3.139

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing industrial water resource utilization in Indonesia and to examine the potential application of the water footprint concept as a legal instrument for controlling industrial water consumption in support of sustainable water resource protection. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Data were collected through a library study comprising primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials and were analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that the regulation of water resource utilization in Indonesia has been governed under Law Number 17 of 2019 on Water Resources, Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, and regulations concerning risk-based business licensing. However, these legal frameworks have not comprehensively accommodated mechanisms for measuring and controlling industrial water consumption. The water footprint concept, through the measurement of blue, green, and grey water footprints, offers significant potential to be integrated into the water resource management and licensing system through mechanisms of measurement, reporting, and monitoring of industrial water use. Therefore, integrating the water footprint concept into Indonesia's legal framework can serve as a preventive legal instrument to enhance water-use efficiency, strengthen water resource protection, and promote sustainable industrial development.
STATE ACCOUNTABILITY TOWARDS CONSTITUTIONAL TORT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FREE NUTRITIONAL MEAL PROGRAM IN INDONESIA Muhammad Zafif Zulka; Muhammad Ghazi Alfaruqi Ilmi; Salsa Azza Nabilla
Journal of Governance and Law Reform Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): July
Publisher : Catalist Indo Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64670/jglr.v1i3.140

Abstract

This study aims to examine whether the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program constitutes a constitutional tort and to analyze the forms of state responsibility arising from its implementation. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, comparative, and case approaches to assess the constitutional implications of the program. The findings indicate that the implementation of MBG has generated serious concerns, including mass food poisoning incidents caused by inadequate food safety standards and weak supervision, as well as the potential misallocation of education funds. These shortcomings demonstrate the state's failure to effectively fulfill its constitutional obligations to protect and guarantee the rights to health and education. Such failure may be classified as a constitutional tort, referring to violations of constitutional rights resulting from state action or omission. In this context, state accountability extends beyond administrative responsibility to encompass constitutional and legal liability. Therefore, the state is obligated to provide effective remedies for victims, including compensation where appropriate, strengthen monitoring and food safety mechanisms, and improve policy design and implementation to prevent similar constitutional violations in the future. These measures are essential to ensure that public welfare programs are implemented in accordance with constitutional principles and the protection of fundamental rights.
Co-Authors Hafidz Aulia Faturrahman Muhammad Zafif Zulka Nabilla Meisya Adriani Salsa Azza Nabilla