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All Journal Majalah Farmaseutik
Soni Siswanto
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Medicine & Pharmacology

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Dyspepsia: An Integrated Review of Diagnosis, Classification, and Mechanisms of Modern and Herbal Medications Citra Kurnia Solihat; Citra Kurnia Solihat; Fita Rahmawati; Soni Siswanto
Majalah Farmaseutik Vol 22, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/farmaseutik.v22i1.105933

Abstract

Dyspepsia is a common and complex disorder characterized by symptoms such as epigastric pain, bloating, and early satiety, which significantly impact patients' quality of life. The pathophysiology of dyspepsia remains poorly understood, with multiple underlying factors including Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric motility disturbances, and visceral hypersensitivity. Modern therapeutic strategies primarily focus on acid suppression and motility enhancement, with Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs), H2 blockers, and prokinetic agents as standard treatments. The advent of novel therapies, such as potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) like Tegoprazan, offers promising alternatives with faster onset and longer-lasting effects. Herbal therapies, including turmeric, ginger, and licorice, have also been explored, showing potential benefits in symptom relief and gastric protection. Despite these advances, the effectiveness of treatment remains variable, and a tailored approach based on patient-specific factors is recommended. This review highlights the current treatment modalities, including both modern and traditional approaches, with a focus on pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies for dyspepsia.
Target Fishing and Molecular Docking Study Identify 6-Shogaol as Potential Agent for Insulin Resistance Overcoming through ALOX5 Modulation Laura Sonya Viega De Ariesta Supusepa; Triana Hertiani; Soni Siswanto
Majalah Farmaseutik Vol 22, No 3 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/farmaseutik.v22i3.117168

Abstract

Insulin resistance underlies major metabolic disorders and is driven by chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress that impair insulin signalling in peripheral tissues. Natural compounds with anti-inflammatory properties represent promising strategies to modulate this pathological axis, yet the molecular targets mediating these effects often remain unclear. This study employed an integrative in silico approach combining target fishing and molecular docking to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of 6-shogaol, a bioactive constituent of Zingiber officinale, in insulin resistance. Target prediction analysis identified arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) as the highest-probability molecular target of 6-shogaol. Physicochemical profiling indicated favourable oral bioavailability and drug-likeness properties. Molecular docking analysis against ALOX5 (PDB ID: 6N2W), validated by redocking (RMSD 1.1 Å), demonstrated that 6-shogaol binds effectively within the enzyme active site and exhibits a more favourable binding affinity than the reference inhibitors zileuton and masoprocol. The predicted interaction supports 6-shogaol's ability to suppress leukotriene-mediated inflammatory signalling implicated in insulin resistance. Collectively, these findings suggest that 6-shogaol may act as a multi-target natural modulator of inflammation and oxidative stress, with ALOX5 emerging as a key therapeutic node in insulin resistance.
Co-Authors Citra Kurnia Solihat Citra Kurnia Solihat Fita Rahmawati Laura Sonya Viega De Ariesta Supusepa Triana Hertiani