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All Journal RETORIKA: Journal of Law, Social, and Humanities
Al Pyan Syah Marszedi
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Keabsahan Persetujuan Elektronik dalam Pembentukan Perikatan Digital M. Jihan Febriza; Burhanudin; Al Pyan Syah Marszedi
RETORIKA: Journal of Law, Social, and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69503/retorika.v5i1.1664

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the validity of electronic consent in the formation of digital obligations under Indonesian law and to formulate a legal framework for obligations that ensures legal certainty regarding its use in digital transactions. The research employs a normative legal research method, utilizing both statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materialscomprising primary, secondary, and tertiary sources were gathered through literature review and subsequently analyzed using legal interpretation, legal theory, and legal principles. The findings indicate that electronic consent constitutes a valid expression of intent, provided it meets the requirements for a valid agreement, is given freely without defects of will, and is supported by an electronic system that is reliable, secure, and accountable. Ensuring legal certainty regarding its use requires a legal framework for obligations that integrates established principles of contract law with the unique characteristics of digital transactions through the harmonization of norms and the strengthening of electronic evidentiary mechanisms; such a framework would provide legal protection, ensure a balance of positions between the parties, foster trust in digital transactions, and reinforce legal certainty in the conduct of electronic commerce in Indonesia
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi dalam Kejahatan Siber pada Aktivitas Bisnis Digital di Indonesia Jamaludin; Burhanudin; AL Pyan Syah Marszedi
RETORIKA: Journal of Law, Social, and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69503/retorika.v5i1.1666

Abstract

This study aims to analyze corporate criminal liability for cybercrime in digital business activities in Indonesia and formulate a legal framework that ensures legal certainty in enforcing corporate criminal liability. This study employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources collected through literature review and analyzed using legal interpretation, legal theories, and legal principles. The findings indicate that corporate criminal liability for cybercrime may be imposed where there is a clear connection between the criminal act and the corporation’s interests, business activities, policies, or failure to exercise adequate supervision. Criminal acts committed by individuals within a corporate environment do not automatically establish corporate criminal liability but must be assessed based on the perpetrator’s position, the purpose of the act, the benefits obtained by the corporation, and its connection to corporate business activities. The construction of corporate criminal liability requires integration of criminal law, cyber law, and business law through clear standards concerning the basis and limits of liability. This framework provides legal certainty while encouraging secure, responsible, and integrity-based digital business governance in Indonesia
Kekayaan Intelektual sebagai Aset Perusahaan: Konstruksi Hukum Perlindungan dan Komersialisasi di Indonesia Tata Eliestiana Dyah. A; Burhanudin; Al Pyan Syah Marszedi
RETORIKA: Journal of Law, Social, and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69503/retorika.v5i1.1672

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the status of intellectual property as a corporate asset and formulate the legal framework for its protection and commercialization in Indonesia. This study uses normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through literature review and analyzed using legal interpretation, legal theory, and legal principles. The results of the study indicate that intellectual property can be considered a corporate asset as long as it is acquired or controlled based on a valid legal basis, has clear ownership status, and has economic value for the company. Intellectual property protection is necessary to maintain exclusive rights and prevent unauthorized use, while commercialization can be carried out through direct use, transfer of rights, or licensing in accordance with the characteristics of each type of intellectual property. The legal framework for protection and commercialization requires integration between intellectual property law and corporate law through clarity of ownership, protection of rights, and optimization of economic use. This framework can strengthen legal certainty and support the value and competitiveness of companies in Indonesia
Co-Authors Burhanudin Jamaludin M. Jihan Febriza Tata Eliestiana Dyah. A