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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Zainal Muttaqin
Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Nusa Bangsa, Bogor 16161
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

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DNA BARCODE CHARACTERIZATION OF MISTLETOE INFESTATION IN TEAK CLONAL SEED ORCHARD (CSO) IN PADANGAN, EAST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA Zainal Muttaqin; Sri Wilarso Budi; Basuki Wasis; Corryanti Corryanti; Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 2 August 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2755.603 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.2.651

Abstract

For effective teak plantation management, early detection system in controlling teak mistletoe requires various basic information, including degree of infestation and accuracy of the species names. Mistletoe infestations in teak and mistletoe species name have been reported, but there are still problems in identifying the correct species or subspecies due to morphological similarity. The objective of this study was to clarify the species identity of hemi-parasitic mistletoe plants, which were found in teak Clonal Seed Orchard (CSO) in Padangan, East Java Province, Indonesia using DNA barcodes. Species identification of teak mistletoe based on leaf morphological characteristics and universal DNA barcode regions (i.e. matK and rbcL) were carried out. The results showed that the Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) could differentiate Dendrophthoe pentandra and Macrosolen tetragonus based on leaf morphological characteristics. Variables having high correlation to distinguish both species were length of petiole, width of the widest leaf, number of secondary leaf veins, leaf base shape, aspect ratio, form factor and perimeter ratio of diameter. The results of DNA barcoding showed that the two DNA barcode regions presented good amplification and sequence results. Both DNA barcode regions successfully differentiated two species i.e. D. pentandra and M. tetragonus which belong to Loranthaceae family and have similar leaf morphological characteristics. Those regions were also able to identify Viscum articulatum and other species belonging to Santalaceae family. These results suggested that the two DNA regions could become recommended universal DNA barcode for identifying teak mistletoe.
GENETIC VARIATION OF TEAK MISTLETOE (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) BASED ON RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) MARKERS Zainal Muttaqin; Sri Wilarso Budi; Basuki Wasis; Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar; Corryanti Corryanti
BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 2 (2020): BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 2 August 2020
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (236.519 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2020.27.2.1211

Abstract

Mistletoes are hemiparasitic macroparasite plants that interfere with trees and other wild plants in nutrient acquisition. As the plant has low leaf water potential, it draws water from teak wood tissues during the deciduous stage of the teak host, thereby killing the twigs and eventually the teak tree. Mistletoes are also key players in plant diversity. Therefore, the mistletoe population needs to be regulated not only as a parasite but also as a keystone species affecting biodiversity. Knowledge scarcity on the status of mistletoes includes their genetic variation. Hence, the purpose of this study is to analyze the level of genetic variation of teak mistletoe (Dendrophthoe pentandra) using RAPD markers. At the Padangan teak Clonal Seed Orchard (CSO), leaf samples were randomly collected from three layers of the mistletoe crown (upper, middle, and below) taken from five host teak trees randomly selected from each of the sub-observation measure plots (OMP). Four OMP units inside the observation sample plots (OSP) (n = 3, 50 × 50 m) at different levels of infestation (light, moderate, and heavy) were established. Analysis of genetic variation and genetic distance of mistletoes across different crown layers was conducted using RAPD markers. The leaf samples from crown layers UU (upper crown, subsection upper), UM (upper crown, subsection middle), and UB (upper crown, subsection below), including U (upper crown), had significantly greater genetic variation (He = 0.181–0.255) than those from the M layer (middle crown, He = 0.227) and the B layer (below crown, He = 0.114). Furthermore, the greatest genetic distance occurred between mistletoes in the UB and B crown layers (0.310), whereas the shortest genetic distance occurred between mistletoes of the UU and UM layers in the upper crown (0.038). Practical implications of the low genetic variation include the control of D. pentandra infestation by restricting its population so that the Perhutani State-Owned Forestry Enterprise can maintain damage levels below the economic threshold.
Co-Authors Basuki Wasis Basuki Wasis Corryanti Corryanti Corryanti Corryanti Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar Sri Wilarso Budi Sri Wilarso Budi