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All Journal An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought
Syarifuddin Ala Dzil Fikri
UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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The Social Construction of Bughāt as a Technology of Abbasid Hegemony in al-Māwardī’s al-Aḥkām al-Sulṭāniyyah Abdullah Faqih Hikami; Syarifuddin Ala Dzil Fikri
An-Nur International Journal of Islamic Thought Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): AIJIT-DECEMBER
Publisher : Yayasan Pesantren Mahasiswa An-Nur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62032/aijit.v3i2.136

Abstract

The Islamic law of rebellion (bughāt) is traditionally interpreted as a protective framework or a neutral theological derivation designed to regulate internal political conflicts. Challenging these static interpretations, this study employs a genealogical deconstruction synthesized with social constructionism and power/knowledge frameworks to investigate al-Māwardī’s al-Aḥkām al-Sulṭāniyyah as an artifact of imperial survival. Findings reveal that al-Māwardī’s formulation of bughāt functions as a sophisticated "technology of power" engineered to mitigate the material impotence of the Abbasid Caliphate under Buwayhid hegemony. By constructing "legal fictions" of symbolic sovereignty, the text weaponizes the ambiguity between rebellion and banditry (ḥirābah). This architecture of exclusion utilizes the criteria of military strength (shawka) and plausible interpretation (ta’wīl) not to shield rebels, but to discipline the social body and criminalize dissenters who lack state-mirrored organizational structures. Consequently, the law transforms political opposition into a criminalized "non-subject" status, ensuring the state’s monopoly on legitimate violence. This research concludes that classical fiqh is a historically contingent tool of hegemonic legitimation, exposing the inherent exclusionary mechanisms that underpin the preservation of centralized authority.
Co-Authors Abdullah Faqih Hikami