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Wilton Agila
1) Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral Guayaquil, Ecuador. 2) Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, CASE, CIDIS, Escuela Superior Po
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Hybrid Parametric and Non-Parametric Identification of PEMFC Dynamics in SISO and MIMO Workflow Eduardo Benavides-Farías; Abel Rubio-Roldán; Wilton Agila; Edwin Valarezo-Añazco
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2026-010-03-01

Abstract

Reliable control-oriented models of PEM fuel cells remain challenging because PEMFC dynamics are nonlinear, coupled, and hard to excite under practical constraints. This paper presents a hybrid identification workflow in a controlled MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment. After discretization, bounded multisine excitation is applied, and correlation-based response analysis (CRA) is used to obtain non-parametric dynamics; low-order parametric structures (ARX, ARMAX, Box–Jenkins, OE, and FIR) and a grey-box state-space model are then estimated and validated using Fit%, information criteria (AIC/BIC), and residual diagnostics. In SISO, ARMAX provides the best accuracy–parsimony compromise (Fit = 96.84% with the lowest AIC/BIC and residuals mostly within confidence bounds), while Box–Jenkins achieves the highest fit (i.e., 98.75%) at higher complexity. In MIMO, most channels achieve an accuracy over 92% fit, with the most coupled pathway remaining the limiting case (best fit = 86.38% with BJ), and ARMAX/BJ emerging as the dominant structures across channels. The grey-box model attains 97.35% fit for voltage and 86.47% for power. This paper establishes a unified, control-oriented hybrid workflow that links CRA non-parametric estimation with low-order parametric and grey-box models, providing compact, physically interpretable PEMFC dynamics and practical model-selection guidance for control and energy-management applications.
Co-Authors Abel Rubio-Roldán Eduardo Benavides-Farías Edwin Valarezo-Añazco