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All Journal Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Aleisha Wulandari
Department of Nutrition, JTC Medical Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Genetically Proxied Circulating C-Reactive Protein and Selected Cytokines in Relation to Register-Defined Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study Rizky Ayu; Adolfo Rawlings; Aleisha Wulandari; Brenda Jaleel
Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjorl.v3i2.308

Abstract

Background: Circulating inflammatory biomarkers are associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), but observational studies cannot establish causality. Objective: To evaluate whether genetically proxied C-reactive protein (CRP) and eight cytokines are associated with SNHL. Methods: We used European-ancestry GWASs for CRP (N = 575,531) and eight cytokines (maximum N = 74,783), with FinnGen R13 outcomes of 48,388 SNHL cases and 432,132 controls; sudden idiopathic hearing loss (4,082 cases) was secondary. Variants were harmonized and pruned using 1000 Genomes Finnish linkage disequilibrium (r² < 0.001 within 10 Mb). Random-effects inverse-variance weighting or a Wald ratio was primary. Sensitivity analyses included MR-Egger, weighted median and mode, MR-RAPS, RadialMR, Steiger directionality, cis-only estimates, source-assay filters, and false-discovery-rate correction. Results: Of 301 unique exposure rsIDs, 279 were retrieved and 276 exposure rows passed harmonization. Finnish LD pruning left 238 CRP instruments. CRP was compatible with the null (OR per unit increase in ln[CRP mg/L], 1.005; 95% CI, 0.948–1.065; p = 0.868), consistent with weighted median, MR-Egger, weighted mode, and MR-RAPS estimates. No cytokine survived FDR correction (all q ≥ 0.393), source-assay filtering yielded no supported association, and secondary-outcome estimates were null. Steiger analyses favored the exposure-to-outcome direction. Conclusion: Results support no material effect of lifelong genetically proxied circulating CRP on register-defined SNHL. Cytokine evidence remains less definitive because instrument sets were small, predominantly trans acting, heterogeneous, and assay sensitive. The findings neither exclude acute or cochlea-specific inflammation nor evaluate corticosteroid effectiveness. Independent replication and cis-pQTL colocalization are required before therapeutic inference.
Elicitation of Systemic Acquired Resistance by a Novel Plant-Derived Biostimulant Composition Confers Robust Protection Against Botrytis cinerea in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Aleisha Wulandari; Sudarto Sudarto; Fifia Ardinanti; Bryan Helsey; Yi-Fen Huang
Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/nasetjournal.v5i2.74

Abstract

Gray mold, caused by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea, is a devastating disease in tomato production worldwide, necessitating the development of sustainable and effective control strategies. Plant-derived biostimulants offer a promising eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides by enhancing the plant's innate immune system. This study, conducted in greenhouse facilities in Palembang, Indonesia, evaluated the efficacy of a novel plant-derived biostimulant (PDB-MX7), a composition of Ascophyllum nodosum and Moringa oleifera extracts, in controlling gray mold in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. 'Mutiara'). Tomato plants were treated with PDB-MX7 and subsequently inoculated with a virulent B. cinerea isolate. We assessed disease progression, plant growth parameters, and a suite of underlying defense mechanisms. These included the quantification of oxidative stress markers (H₂O₂, MDA), the activity of key defense-related enzymes (PAL, PPO, SOD, CAT), the accumulation of defense phytohormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid), and the expression levels of pathogenesis-related genes (PR-1, PDF1.2) via RT-qPCR. Pre-treatment with PDB-MX7 significantly reduced gray mold disease severity by 76.4% and lesion diameter by 71.8% compared to untreated, inoculated plants. This protective effect was associated with a significant priming of the plant's defense system. PDB-MX7-treated plants exhibited lower levels of H₂O₂ and MDA upon infection, indicating reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, these plants showed a rapid and potent induction of PAL and PPO activity (3.1-fold and 2.8-fold higher than controls at 48 hpi, respectively). This was corroborated by a significant accumulation of salicylic acid and a more than 5-fold upregulation in the expression of the SA-responsive gene PR-1, indicating the activation of Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR). In conclusion, the novel biostimulant composition PDB-MX7 confers substantial resistance against B. cinerea in tomato by priming the plant's innate immunity, primarily through the activation of the SA-mediated SAR pathway. This study highlights the potential of PDB-MX7 as a powerful tool for integrated pest management programs in sustainable tomato cultivation.
Co-Authors Adolfo Rawlings Brenda Jaleel Bryan Helsey Fifia Ardinanti Rizky Ayu Sudarto Sudarto Yi-Fen Huang