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All Journal Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan JURNAL SANITASI LINGKUNGAN
Abulkhair Abdullah
Prodi Farmasi, Universitas Khairun
Chemistry Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Analisis Kandungan Timbal (Pb) pada Tanaman Kangkung Air (Ipomoea aquatica) di Pesisir Pantai X Kota Ternate Nadya Mursalin; Lola Tulak Rerung; Abulkhair Abdullah
Jurnal Sanitasi Lingkungan Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Sanitasi Lingkungan
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36086/jsl.v6i1.3825

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Pencemaran lingkungan pesisir berpotensi menurunkan kualitas dan keamanan bahan pangan yang dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat. Salah satu kontaminan yang menjadi perhatian serius adalah logam berat timbal (Pb) yang bersifat toksik, persisten, dan mampu terakumulasi dalam jaringan tanaman. Kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatica) merupakan sayuran yang banyak dibudidayakan dan dikonsumsi masyarakat pesisir Pantai X, Maluku Utara, yang lingkungannya berdekatan dengan sumber pencemar seperti limbah domestik, penumpukan sampah, dan pembakaran sampah. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui keberadaan dan kadar logam berat timbal (Pb) pada tanaman kangkung air yang dibudidayakan di pesisir Pantai X. Metode: Sampel kangkung air diambil dari tiga titik lokasi berbeda (A, B, dan C) di sepanjang pesisir Pantai X. Sampel dipisahkan menjadi bagian daun dan batang, kemudian dilakukan preparasi melalui proses pengeringan, penghalusan, dan destruksi basah menggunakan campuran asam HNO₃:HClO₄ (2:1). Analisis kadar timbal dilakukan menggunakan instrumen Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) pada panjang gelombang 217 nm. Hasil pengukuran dinyatakan dalam satuan mg/kg dan dibandingkan dengan batas maksimum cemaran logam berat menurut BPOM Nomor 9 Tahun 2022 (0,2 mg/kg) dan SNI 7387:2009 (0,5 mg/kg). Hasil: Kadar Pb pada daun berkisar antara 1,08-2,32 mg/kg, sedangkan bagian batang berkisar antara 1,24-1,72 mg/kg, dengan satu sampel batang tidak terdeteksi. Seluruh kadar Pb yang terukur melebihi batas baku mutu. Kesimpulan: Kangkung air yang dibudidayakan di pesisir pantai X Maluku Utara terkontaminasi timbal dan dinyatakan tidak layak dikonsumsi karena melampaui batas aman pangan.
ANALYSIS OF DEXAMETHASONE AND PARACETAMOL CONTENT IN HERBAL MEDICINES FOR MUSCLE PAIN IN TERNATE CITY USING UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY Dessy Trisiani; Maghfira Maulani; Abulkhair Abdullah; Muh. Nasir
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.600

Abstract

Jamu Pegal Linu (herbal medicines for muscle pain) is one of the most commonly consumed traditional herbal drinks to relieve muscle soreness and pain caused by fatigue. The high demand for jamu has led to some irresponsible producers adding Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API). The APIs commonly found are paracetamol and dexamethasone. This is a violation of the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation Number 007 of 2012 concerning Traditional Medicine Registration, which states that traditional medicine must not contain pharmaceutical chemicals. To detect the presence of paracetamol and dexamethasone in jamu pegal linu in Ternate City, 10 samples were analyzed qualitatively using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) with a mobile phase of chloroform:methanol (9:1), and quantitatively using validated UV-Vis spectrophotometry methods, including linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, LOQ, and determination of content. Based on TLC testing, 5 samples were suspected to contain paracetamol, and 3 were suspected to contain dexamethasone. The validation results showed that all parameters met the requirements: R² ≥ 0.99, recovery 85.289–92.541%, RSD ≤ 0.79%, LOD 0.204–0.336 µg/mL. Based on qualitative analysis using TLC and quantitative analysis using UV–Visible spectrophotometry, several jamu pegal linu products sold in Ternate City were found to contain active pharmaceutical ingredients. Of the ten samples analyzed, 30% were suspected to contain dexamethasone and 50% were suspected to contain paracetamol. These findings indicate a significant presence of pharmaceutical adulterants in herbal medicines marketed in Ternate City. However, confirmatory analysis using more specific techniques such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) or Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) is recommended to strengthen the validity of the results.
Co-Authors Dessy Trisiani Lola Tulak Rerung Maghfira Maulani Muh. Nasir Nadya Mursalin