<![CDATA[The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence has significantly enhanced the capability to create deepfake content that closely replicates authentic faces, voices, and videos, creating new challenges for Indonesia's legal system. The existing legal framework remains fragmented across multiple regulatory regimes, resulting in an accountability system that has not yet provided adequate legal certainty for victims or actors within the generative AI ecosystem. This study aims to analyze legal accountability for the misuse of deepfake technology from the perspective of Indonesian law and to formulate a more comprehensive liability framework. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches through the analysis of legislation, scholarly literature, and international instruments related to artificial intelligence and deepfake technology. The findings indicate that Indonesia's current legal framework addresses deepfake issues in a sectoral manner and has not adequately accommodated the technological characteristics involving AI developers, platform providers, users, and other parties within a single chain of responsibility. The study further demonstrates that a layered accountability approach integrating personal data protection, civil liability, criminal liability, platform governance, and AI risk management provides a more appropriate framework for addressing the complexity of deepfake misuse. The study concludes that Indonesia requires a more comprehensive and adaptive legal accountability framework to ensure balanced protection for victims, legal certainty, and the sustainable development of artificial intelligence innovation.]]>
