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Tembo, Lenon
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Evaluation of Indigenous Fruit Juices and Trap Colours for Managing Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Butternut (Cucurbita moschata) Sibanda, Mzobanzi; Musabayana, Zivanayi; Mathema, Ndabanye; Tembo, Lenon; Zanamwe, Pesanai; Mafirakureva, Tariro; Zhou, Mandhlenkosi; Moyo, Dean; Manjeru, Pepukai
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2026.007.2.1

Abstract

Fruit fly is serious pest that reduce yield and fruit quality in Cucurbita moschata. Cucurbita moschata is an important food and cash crop. Development of eco-friendly strategies to reduce the effects of fruit fly damage is therefore important in ensuring global food security. The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential of combinations of trap colour and indigenous fruit juices, i.e., Sclerocarya birrea and Strychnos spinosa, to attract fruit flies to the traps. A field experiment was laid out as a 4 x 3 factorial design with three replicates of each of the 12 treatments arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The first factor was the type of attractant and it consisted of four levels, i.e., Strychnos spinosa juice, Sclerocarya birrea juice, sugar and water. The second factor was trap colour and it consisted of three levels, viz., red, yellow and green. The number of fruit flies trapped was counted and classified into different fruit fly genera. The results showed that the number of fruit flies attracted by a combination of sugar and the three trap colours was statistically (P < 0.05) similar to number of fruit flies attracted by a combination of Strychnos spinosa juice and the three trap colours and a combination of Sclerocarya birrea juice and the three trap colours. Bactrocera spp has the highest number of flies trapped, with a grand mean of 39.9, followed by Ceratitis spp (15.5) and Drosophila melanogaster had the least number of flies trapped (9.94). It was concluded that Strychnos spinosa and Sclerocarya birrea juices can be used as alternative attractants to sugar for baiting and trapping fruit flies with traps painted yellow, green and red.
Isolation and Morphological Characterization of Colletotrichum spp. Associated with Mango Anthracnose in Mutoko District, Zimbabwe Chabikwa , Nyarai; Chinheya, Cleopas C.; Mapope , Nyamande; Zivanai, Musabayana; Tembo, Lenon
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2026.007.2.2

Abstract

Anthracnose is a fungal disease that severely affects mango (Mangifera indica L.) production globally. In Zimbabwe, mango production is a source of household nutrition and income from informal markets but there has been limited information on the fungal pathogens related to anthracnose in the main production areas. Lack of local baseline data limits proper diagnosis and the development of disease control measures. The main objective of this study was to morphologically characterize fungal isolates that were associated with anthracnose symptoms on mango fruits and leaves, which were collected from different orchards in the Mutoko District of Zimbabwe. Symptomatic samples from various trees were randomly collected in the different orchards. Pieces of tissue were taken from the edge of the lesions and surfaces sterilized, and were inoculation on potato dextrose agar. Colonies of the fungi that appeared were re-cultured to obtain pure culture. The isolates exhibited different colony morphology but mostly they produced grey to dark colonies of cottony to velvety textures. Based on morphology, the isolates were considered members of the Colletotrichum genus; nevertheless, species identification by molecular means was not performed. Through this research, the morphological characteristics of the anthracnose, associated Colletotrichum isolates from the Mutoko District were initially documented. This evidence calls for molecular and pathogenicity analyses to identify the species so that disease management can be effective.
Co-Authors Chabikwa , Nyarai Chinheya, Cleopas C. Mafirakureva, Tariro Manjeru, Pepukai Mapope , Nyamande Mathema, Ndabanye Moyo, Dean Musabayana, Zivanayi Sibanda, Mzobanzi Zanamwe, Pesanai Zhou, Mandhlenkosi Zivanai, Musabayana