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Kristian Adi Putra
Universitas Sebelas Maret,Indonesia

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ASSESSING THE ACCURACY OF LEARNING OBJECTIVE FORMULATION IN LESSON PLANS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN EFL SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS  Nadya Khansa Rohimah; Joko Nurkamto; Kristian Adi Putra
EXPOSURE : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Exposure
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/00vh2r90

Abstract

The formulation of specific and achievable learning outcomes remains critical in the approach to teaching, especially in the EFL context. At the same time, some of the challenges mentioned by educators indicate the problem of defining the objectives, goals and outcomes of a curriculum. This research aims to critically analyze how Indonesian EFL secondary school teachers construct learning objectives in the context of Kurikulum 2013 and Kurikulum Merdeka. This study was an exploratory study using qualitative descriptive research methods. The inclusion of two teachers from the same school was intentional to reduce external bias. Triangulated qualitative data sources included participants' written consent forms and principal interviews, and quantitative lesson plan documents were evaluated using the ABCD and SMART model checklists. Strengths identified centered on high-level thinking skills and child-centered processes, while weaknesses included many frameworks and a lack of objective criteria. Based on the study's findings, a combination of detailed instructional contexts and performance bench marking can positively enhance the formulation of learning goals. They advance knowledge about approaches to implementing and refining instructional practices and goals in conjunction with curricular expectations in different contexts. 
PERCEPTIONS AND PRACTICES OF TRANSLANGUAGING IN INDONESIAN EFL CLASSROOMS: EXPLORING TEACHERS' VIEWS AND IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES Kukuh Tri Laksono; Sumardi; Kristian Adi Putra
EXPOSURE : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): Exposure
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26618/gm9ah948

Abstract

In Indonesian multilingual classrooms, students come to the classrooms with the ability to speak more than one language. Previous studies have highlighted that teachers should view the languages as resources for learning, instead of problems. In this context, translanguaging emerges as a relevant and pedagogical approach to be implemented. This study investigates the perceptions of three Indonesian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers about translanguaging, the kinds of translanguaging that they implemented, and the ways they dealt with the challenges. A case study was employed, with the data collected through a series of semi-structured interviews and multiple classroom observations from three purposely sampling EFL teachers. Thematic analysis was applied to identify the patterns in the data. Findings reveal that teachers viewed translanguaging positively, as it aided comprehension and improved students’ confidence by providing linguistic support in students' native language. The forms of translanguaging included translation, code-switching, code-mixing, and transliteration, with code-mixing being the most frequent and transliteration was not found. All these findings highlight the importance of implementing translanguaging pedagogical strategies that actively promote multilingualism in the classrooms. This study offers the ways in which teachers could implement such strategies and provides directions for further research.