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All Journal Zero : Jurnal Sains, Matematika, dan Terapan
Joshua G. Meneses
San Miguel National High School, San Juan, San Miguel, Bulacan, 3011, Philippines
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Mathematics Physics

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Development of a Tourism Awareness Index and Its Determinants among Tourism Workers Sarni Maniar Berliana; Krismanti Tri Wahyuni; Victoria P. Valenzuela; Joshua G. Meneses; Wahyuni Andriana Sofa; Maria A. Hasiholan Siallagan; Ditto Satrio Wicaksono
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.29707

Abstract

Tourism worker awareness is essential for service quality and sustainable tourism development, yet a validated composite measure remains lacking. This study develops the Tourism Awareness Index (TAI) based on the Sapta Pesona framework using survey data from 868 tourism workers in Malang Regency, Indonesia. Six dimensions showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.65-0.81), while one dimension had alpha slightly above 0.60. Factor analysis with principal component extraction identified a three-factor structure explaining 74.2% of total variance, supported by a KMO value of 0.91 and a significant Bartlett's test. Ordered logistic regression revealed that workers aged 45 years and above (OR = 1.42, p = 0.042) and those with at least a high school education (OR = 1.60, p = 0.004) were more likely to achieve higher TAI levels, while lack of foreign language proficiency reduced this likelihood (OR = 0.57, p = 0.003). The TAI offers a statistically validated tool and may support workforce development and tourism policy.
Co-Authors Ditto Satrio Wicaksono Krismanti Tri Wahyuni Maria A. Hasiholan Siallagan Sarni Maniar Berliana Victoria P. Valenzuela Wahyuni Andriana Sofa