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All Journal IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature
I Wayan Juniartha
Faculty of Foreign Languages, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Against the World: Joel's External Conflict in The Last of Us Season 1 I Gusti Ngurah Gilang Parayudha; I Wayan Juniartha
IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Lite
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v13i2.7604

Abstract

This research explores the types of external conflicts and conflict management strategies used by the main character, Joel, in The Last of Us Season 1. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the research analyzes all nine episodes by observing, identifying, and classifying Joel’s external conflicts based on Kenney (1966) theory man vs. man, man vs. nature, and man vs. society. It also applies the conflict management strategies from Thomas & Kilmann (2012): competing, avoiding, collaborating, accommodating, and compromising. The findings reveal 17 external conflicts, with man vs. man and man vs. nature each accounting for 35%, and man vs. society 30%. In responding to these conflicts, Joel mostly uses the competing strategy (53%) and avoiding strategy (47%). Competing is seen when he takes direct, forceful action, while avoiding appears in situations that are emotionally overwhelming or where he lacks control. This research is significant for media and literary studies because it shows how conflict in a post-apocalyptic narrative shapes character development and reflects human survival instincts. By focusing on one character across a full season, the research offers a detailed look at how external pressures influence behavior and decision-making in extreme conditions. However, the scope is limited to Joel and does not cover internal conflict or perspectives from other characters. Future studies are encouraged to explore more characters, compare seasons, or examine similar themes in different genres to gain broader insights.
Unmasking P.T. Barnum: A Character Study of the Greatest Showman Barlian; I Wayan Juniartha
IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Lite
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v13i2.7665

Abstract

This study analyzes the character development of P.T. Barnum in The Greatest Showman (2017) using Egri’s (1960) three-dimensional character theory, physiological, sociological, and psychological, and is supported by Kenny’s (1966) narrative coherence framework. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, the study examines nine selected scenes that represent the beginning, middle, and end of the film. The analysis is conducted in a multimodal manner, integrating verbal elements (dialogue, narration) and visual cues (gestures, posture, costumes, facial expressions). Findings indicate that Barnum’s character transformation is balanced across three aspects: physiological (33.3%), sociological (33.3%), and psychological (33.4%). His physical appearance evolves from a playful child to a confident showman and finally to a humble family man. Sociologically, his pursuit of social status leads to internal conflict and distancing from his original community. Psychologically, Barnum's ambition and insecurity drive his decisions until he eventually finds emotional resolution. The study demonstrates how Egri’s and Kenny’s theories can be integrated to provide a comprehensive understanding of character construction in film. These findings offer theoretical contributions to character and narrative analysis, and practical insights for film studies, media education, and applied linguistics.
Co-Authors Barlian I Gusti Ngurah Gilang Parayudha