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All Journal Agricultural Socio-Economic Empowerment and Agribusiness Journal
Abdul Kadir Adam
Centre for Management Studies, Dibrugarh University, Assam
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences

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The Production and Distribution Systems of the Shea Crop in Northern Ghana: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Value Chains and Sustainability Abdul Kadir Adam; Himadri Barman
Agricultural Socio-Economic Empowerment and Agribusiness Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Agribisnis, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/agrisema.v5i1.118212

Abstract

This paper analyzes the shea value chain of Northern Ghana, from harvesting to marketing, and identifies its inefficiencies, key challenges, and socio-economic dynamics. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from 402 value chain actors across four districts (Tolon/Kumbungu, Fumbisi, Savelugu/Nanton, and Sagnarigu) with a literature review. Variables such as landholding size, yield, education level, harvesting practices, production costs, and distribution satisfaction were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact test, Pearson correlation, linear regression, and ANOVA. The shea value chain is predominantly female-driven (94.8%) and heavily reliant on manual labor, with limited value addition and low market penetration. Key issues include small landholdings (67.4% ranging from 4–6 hectares), sustainability pressures (69.7% reporting a lack of shea trees), a strong reliance on local markets (78.4%), and high levels of dissatisfaction (68.9%). Significant relationships were found between landholding size and yield (Fisher’s exact test = 54.783, p < 0.001), production costs and landholding size (ANOVA F = 3.915, p = 0.004), and yield and harvesting practices (F = 2.961, p = 0.032). Major constraints include insecure land tenure (71.9%), equipment shortages (42.0%), and limited access to inputs (38.1%). Policy recommendations include land reform, increased investment in infrastructure, strengthening cooperatives, and developing gender-responsive programs
Co-Authors Himadri Barman