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Knowledge, Attitude, Sexual Behavior, Family Support, and Their Associations with HIV/AIDS Status in Housewives Budi Laksana; Argyo Demartoto; Dono Indarto
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

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Background: Approximately 36.7 million people in the world were infected by HIV and 2.1 million new cases occured in 2015. A total of 191,073 HIV cases were reported in Indonesia in 2016, including 77,940 AIDS cases, and 13,247 deaths. Housewives ranked highest among HIV/AIDS patients in Indonesia. This study aimed to investigate knowledge, attitude, sexual behavior, family support, and their associations with HIV status in housewives using PRECEDE PROCEED model.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Toroh community health center, Grobogan, Central Java, in July, 2017. A total sample of 129 housewives were selected for this study using exhaustive sampling technique. The dependent variable was HIV status. The independent variables were knowledge, attitude, sexual behavior, and family support. The data was measured by a set of questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis.Results: HIV status was directly and positively associated with risky sexual behavior (b= 4.48; 95% CI= 2.30 to 6.65; p<0.001). Risky sexual behavior was associated with attitude (b= -1.27; 95% CI = -0.03 to -2.51; p<0.045) and family support (b= -1.86; 95% CI= -0.69 to -3.03; p<0.002). Attitude was associated with knowledge (b= 2.06; 95% CI = 0.86 to 3.25; p<0.001).Conclusion: HIV status is directly and positively associated with risky sexual behavior. HIV status is indirectly associated with attitude, knowledge, and family support.Keywords: HIV, AIDS, risky sexual behavior, housewives, PRECEDE PROCEED modelCorrespondence: Budi Laksana. Diploma III Program in Midwifery Muhammadiyah, Madiun, East Java. Email: lakortikosteroid@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285655612000.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(2): 154-163https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.02.06

Safe Sexual Behaviors for Early Detection and Prevention of HIV/AIDS Transmission among Queers in Tulungagung, East Java, Using Theory of Planned Behavior Widya Lusi Arisona; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

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Background: Sexual intercourse is one of the primary modes of HIV transmission. Sexual activity among heterosexuals has the highest risk of HIV transmission. However, sexual activity among queers also contributed much of the HIV/AIDS case increase. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS infection was high among queers in Tulungagung, East Java. This study aimed to examine safe sexual behaviors for early detection and prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission among queers using Theory of Planned Behavior.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenology approach. The study was carried out at queers’ peer group namely Aprikot basecamp, Tulungagung, East Java, from 23 April to 17 June, 2017. The informants in this study included queers with positive HIV status and those with negative HIV status. These informants consisted of queer commercial sex workers, queers with steady partner, queers who had recently been registered as Apricot members, queers who had become Apricot members for long, Cesmid NGO, program manager of Local Commision for AIDS Control, health personnels, and officers at District Health Office Tulungagung. The informants were selected by maximum variation sampling. The data were collected using in-depth interview, observation, and document review methods. The data were analyzed by interactive analysis method, including data collection, data reduction, data display, and verification.Results: Five queer informants who worked as commercial sex workers were HIV positive. A queer informant who owned beauty salon had a steady partner. In general, queers had positive attitude towards early detection and prevention of HIV by undertaking regular three monthly HIV tests. The subjective norm in the community was very influential such that all Apricot members always complied with every rule available in the community. As a result, the queers had a stronger intention to do HIV early detection and prevention.Conclusion: Subjective norm is an important determinant for HIV early detection and prevention among queers. It is suggested that the positive norm in the community pertinent to sexual behavior be capitalized and strengtened so as to increase adherence to healthy and safe sexual behaviors among the queers.Keywords: risky sexual behaviors, early detection, prevention, HIV/ AIDS, queerCorrespondence: Widya Lusi Arisona. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: widyalusi@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285646430617.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(2): 164-173https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.02.07

Decision to Choose Acupuncture Therapy for Degenerative Diseases among the Elderly at Ja’far Medika Hospital, Karanganyar Purwanto -; Ruben Dharmawan; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 1 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

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Background: Aging process results in biological, physical, and mental changes in the elderly. Degenerative diseases are common in the elderly. They can be treated by pharmacologic or non pharmacologic treatment. Acupuncture therapy potentially can be used as a complementary or alternative therapy to treat degenerative diseases in the elderly. This study aimed to investigate factors that determine the decision to choose acupuncture therapy for the degenerative diseases in the elderly at Ja’far Medika Hospital, Karanganyar, Central Java.SubjectsandMethod: This was a qualitative study with phenomenology approach. This study was conducted at Ja’far Medika Hospital, Karanganyar, Central Java, fromMarch to April 2015. Ten informants were selected for this study by purposive sampling. The data were collected by in-depth interview, observation, and document review.They were validated by source triangulation, and analyzed by Miles and Huberman method.Results: The sample consisted of 5 men and 5 women, aged 53 to 72 years old, with school attainment varying from primary school to university graduate. Job category included farmer, civil servant, and pensioner. The degenerative diseases that were treated by acupuncture therapy including post-stroke, hernia nucleous pulposus, and eyelid disorder. Internal factors that determined the decision to choose acupuncture were motivation to recover, (religious) belief, and boredom to medical service. External factors that determined the decision to choose acupuncture included the quality of service, family support, trust in the therapist, and hospital image. According to the informants, the acupuncture therapy could help recover their health from the degenerative diseases. Most of them used acupuncture as a complementary treatment.Conclusion: Some internal and external factors determine the decision to choose acupuncture therapy for the degenerative health problem in the elderly. Acupuncture treatment is reported to help recover health in the elderly. Keywords: acupuncture, decision, degenerative disease, elderlyCorrespondence: Purwanto. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University. Email: Purwanto.akp@gmail.com. Mobile: 081393289784.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2016), 1(2): 127-137https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2016.01.02.08

Effects of Predisposing, Enabling, and Reinforcing Factors on the Uptake of Voluntary Counselling and Testing among Female Sex Workers in Grobogan, Central Java Muhammad Vidi Perdana; Argyo Demartoto; Dono Indarto
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 2 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

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Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a global public health issue. Global AIDS Response Progress Reporting (GARP) reported that in 2015, about 36.7 million people worldwide suffered from HIV-AIDS in all age groups. The highest number of HIV/AIDS cases occured in East Africa and South Africa. This study aimed to examine the effects of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors on the uptake of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) among female sex workers in Grobogan, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with cross-sectional design. It was conducted in Grobogan, Central Java, in July 2017. A sample of 142 female sex workers were selected for this study by exhaustive sampling. The dependent variable was uptake of VCT. The independent variables were attitude, perceived benefit, external motivation from others, and social support. The data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Positive attitude towards HIV status (OR= 6.09; 95% CI= 0.968 to 38.38; p= 0.054), positive perceived benefit (OR= 10.58; 95% CI= 1.48 to 76.93; p= 0.019), external motivation (OR= 8.30; 95% CI= 1.21 to 56.82; p= 0.031), and social support (OR= 9.45; 95% CI= 1.46 to 60.83; p= 0.018), positively affected uptake of VCT.Conclusion: Positive attitude towards HIV status, positive perceived benefit, external motivation, and social support, positively affect uptake of VCT.Keywords: HIV, Voluntary Counselling Testing, female sex workersCorrespondence: Muhammad Vidi Perdana. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: vidihse@gmail.com. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(3): 242-256https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.03.05

Health Belief Model on Sexual Behavior Issues among Prisoners at Prison in Pekalongan, Central Java Liliana Dwi Pranita; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 2 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

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Bacground: One of the basic human needs to be fulfilled is sexual need. Prisoners face problem in their sexual need fulfilment and freedom, due to the prison’s diciplinary system, including supervison, strict disciplinary mechanism, and enactment of spatial division between men and women. As a consequence, there often occur perverted sexual behaviors, including homosexuality. This study aimed to analyze the sexual behavior issues among prisoners at prison using Health Belief Model.Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative descriptive study with phenomenological approach. The main key informants in this study were prisoners having imprisoned for one year or more and officers at Class IIA prison, in Pekalongan, Central Java. The supporting informants included health personnel (doctors and nurses) at Class IIA prison clinic.Results: All informants reported that they were susceptible to engage in risky sexual behaviors in order to fulfil their sexual need, such as masturbation and homosexuality. The psychological adverse effects they had experienced included fear and feeling of embarrassment their perverted sexual behaviors were recognized by others. The informants reported that they did not have self-efficacy in coping with sexual need issues while in prison.Conclusion : The imprisonment system has an impact on the way inmates meet their sexual needs through masturbation. The role of prison officials is urgently needed to enable prisoners to address the problems of their biological needs through beneficial activities while in prison.Keywords: prisoners, sexual behaviors, Health Belief ModelCorrespondence: Liliana Dwi Pranita. Masters Program in Public Heath, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: lilin_quina@yahoo.com. Mobile: +6285647000303.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2017), 2(3): 232-241https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.03.04

Effect of Social Capital on Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Behavior in Adults Maoli Zartika; Bhisma Murti; Argyo Demartoto
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.07

Background: Clinical epidemiological studies show that smoking and alcohol are often used together as social activities. Smoking and alcohol consumption are related to the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. According to data from the Indonesian Health Survey (SKI), (2023) the percentage of smokers in Surakarta City is 23.6% and the percentage of alcohol consumption is 1.4%. This study aims to analyze the influence of social capital on smoking behavior and alcohol consumption in adults. Subjects and Method: The research design used is a cross-sectional study. The population in this study is adults aged 19-59 years in the city of Surakarta. Sampling in the study was carried out by the snowball sampling method, then as many as 200 adults domiciled in the city of Surakarta were obtained. The method used in collecting data for this study is a questionnaire. The analysis used in this study is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to analyze the influence of social capital elements on smoking behavior and alcohol consumption in adults. The dependent variables are smoking habits and alcohol consumption. The independent variable is social capital including 3 elements, namely structural elements, cognitive elements and relational elements. Results: Social capital had a negative effect on smoking behavior (b= -0.80; 95% CI= -0.88 to -0.71; p= 0.001), and social capital has a negative effect on alcohol consumption (b= -0.71; 95% CI= -0.80 to -0.63; p= 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study show that social capital constructs include structural elements, cognitive elements and relational elements that are high have a lower likelihood of smoking behavior and alcohol consumption in adults.

Relationships Between the Health Belief Model Constructs and Post-Stroke Patient Preferences in Choosing Acupuncture Therapy in Ngawi East Java Cynthia Ayu Dian Puspitaningrum; Hanung Prasetya; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti; Revi Gama Hatta Novika
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.08

Background: Stroke is a serious medical condition that poses a significant risk of mortality and long-term disability, making it one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Selecting an appropriate therapy is crucial to enhancing the quality of life among post-stroke patients. The Health Belief Model (HBM), which emphasizes individual beliefs regarding health and illness, is thought to play a pivotal role in influencing patients' decisions when choosing therapeutic interventions. This study aims to analyze the application of the Health Belief Model in the selection of acupuncture therapy among post-stroke patients. Subjects and Method: This study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in Ngawi Regency from October to December 2024. 200 samples of post-stroke patients were taken using the fixed disease sampling technique, consisting of 100 patients undergoing acupuncture and 100 patients undergoing physiotherapy. Dependent variables were the preference of acupuncture therapy and physiotherapy. Independent variables were perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis on STATA 17. Results: The preference for acupuncture therapy was directly influenced by self-efficacy (b=3.41; CI95%=2.59 to 4.23; p<0.001). Self-efficacy to undergo acupuncture therapy was influenced by the perceived benefits (=2.75; CI95%=1.74 to 3.75; p<0.001), perceived barrier (b=-0.94; CI95%=-1.96 to 0.80; p<0.001), and cues to action (b=3.36; CI95%=2.32 to 4.40; p<0.001). Perceived benefit was influenced by perceived severity (b=1.25; CI95%=0.62 to 1.88; p<0.001). Conclusion: Self-efficacy directly influences the preference for acupuncture therapy. Meanwhile, the perceived benefit, the perceived barrier, and cues of action indirectly affect the preference for acupuncture therapy through self-efficacy. Perceived benefit was influenced by severity perception.

Application of Social Cognitive Theory as a Predictor for Health Screening Utilization among Pre-Marital Couples Fifi Fidyaningrum; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti; Happy Indri Hapsari; Revi Gama Hatta Novika
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpb.2025.10.02.09

Background: Circumstances in the early stages of development have a tremendous impact on a person's risk of developing diseases in adulthood. Numerous diseases can start in childhood and are generated by various traumas in early life, including improper treatment during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, and maternal disease, one of which is diseases related to reproductive health. Premarital health screening is a series of tests that must be carried out by prospective brides and grooms before marriage, which aims to reduce the burden of inherited diseases by reducing the number of high-risk marriages. This study aimed to analyze the use of health screening among pre-marital couples through the Social Cognitive Theory. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Nias, Indonesia, in October-November 2024. A sample of 200 brides and grooms was selected using fixed disease sampling. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using a path analysis. Results: Outcome expectation was positively and indirectly associated with pre-marital health screening (b= 0.58; 95% CI= 0.01 to 1.15; p= 0.046). Knowledge, reinforcement, and observational learning were indirectly associated with pre-marital health screening among pre-marital couples. Conclusion: Social cognitive theory can be used to predict health screening uptake among pre-marital couples.

Applying the Health Belief Model to Examine Obesity Prevention Behaviors Among Female Adolescents in Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia Nurjihan Luthfia Nabilla; Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari; Argyo Demartoto; Bhisma Murti; Cynthia Permata Sari
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/

Background: Obesity is a growing global health problem, especially among adolescent girls. The increasing prevalence of obesity in Indonesia, including in Sukoharjo Regency, is a serious concern because obesity contributes to various non-communicable diseases. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Health Belief Model (HBM) application on obesity prevention behavior among female adolescents at PPTQ Al Rasyid Kartasura, Sukoharjo, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This study used a cross-sectional Study design. The study was carried out from February to March 2025 at PPTQ Al Rasyid Junior and Senior High School Kartasura, Suko¬harjo. The study sample was 210 students who were selected by an exhaustive sampling technique. The data collection instrument was in the form of a structured questionnaire that measured the HBM constructs, namely perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The dependent variable was obesity prevention behavior. Results: Obesity prevention behaviors increased with high perceived susceptibility (b= 0.17; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.34; p= 0.022), perceived severity (b= 0.17; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.34; p = 0.022), perceived benefits (b= 0.31; 95% CI= 0.03 to 0.59; p= 0.028), cues to action (b= 0.25; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.49; p= 0.033), self-efficacy (b = 0.19; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.37; p= 0.045), and decreased with the high perceived barriers (b = -0.18; 95% CI= -0.35 to -0.01; p= 0.046). Conclusion: High perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, cues to action, and self-efficacy, as well as low perceived barriers, contribute to improving obesity prevention behaviors among female adolescents.

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