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Rita Benya Adriani
Diploma Program in Speech Therapy, School of Health Politechnics Surakarta
Public Health

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Path Analysis on the Biopsychosocial Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Depression at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta Esty Budiarti; Didik Gunawan Tamtomo; Rita Benya Adriani
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

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Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a a major disease that is threatening global population health. This disease ranks third by global public health priority. The incidence of type 2 DM in 2014 was 442 million patients worldwide. Indonesia is one of 10 countries with high DM incidence. The incidence of type 2 DM in Indonesia in 2014 was 10 million patients. This study aimed to examine the biopsychosocial determinants of type 2 Diabetes Melitus and depression at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, using path analysis.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic and observational study with case control design. The study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from August to October, 2017. Sample consisting of 100 patients type 2 DM  and 100 non DM patients were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was type 2 DM. The independent variables were body age, mass index, education level, occupation, stres, family income, comorbidity, activity, and family history of type 2 DM. The data were collected using medical record and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of type 2 DM increased with higher body mass index (b= 2.66; 95% CI= 1.41 to 3.91; p<0.001), higher income (b=-0.93; 95% CI= -1.90 to 0.045; p=0.062), older age (b= 2.88; 95% CI= 0.62 to 5.15; p= 0.013), presence of DM family history (b= 2.56; 95% CI= 1.45 to 3.68; p <0.001), and comorbidity (b= 3.25; 95% CI= 2.07 to 4.43; p<0.001). The risk of depression increased by type 2 DM (b= 1.032; 95% CI= 0.42 to 1.63; p= 0.001). Body mass index increased with higher physical activity (b= -1.41; 95% CI= -2.03 to -0.79; p<0.001). Income increased with high education level (b= 2.58; 95% CI= 1.83 to 3.33; p<0.001). High physical activity increased with occupation (b=0.96; 95% CI= 0.38 to 1.53;p= 0.001).Conclusion: The risk of type 2 DM increased with higher body mass index, higher income, older age, presence of DM family history, and comorbidity.Keyword: biopsychosocial determinants, type 2 DM, depressionCorrespondence: Esty Budiarti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email:estybudiarti21@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(1): 1-14https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.01.01 
Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Women at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java Yana Listyawardhani; Ambar Mudigdo; Rita Benya Adriani
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

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Background: Breast cancer is a leading type of cancer affecting women around the world. Its incidence is increasing in developed and developing countries. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women in Indonesia with 19,731 cases of death in 2014. In addition to mortality, breast cancer causes psychosocial effect in the affected and the family. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of breast cancer in women at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytical observational study with case control design. The study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, from October to December, 2017. A total sample of 200 study subjects consisting of 100 women with breast cancer and 100 women without breast cancer were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was breast cancer. The independent variables were age at menarche, age at first pregnancy, parity, duration of breastfeeding, use of fertility hormone, duration of hormonal contraceptive use, and age at menopause. The data was collected  by questionnaire and analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of breast cancer increased with earlier age at menarche <12 years old (OR= 2.71; 95% CI= 1.06 to 6.96; p= 0.037), delayed age at first pregnancy ≥30 years old (OR=3.01; 95% CI= 1.16 to 7.78; p= 0.023), delayed age at menopause ≥55 years old (OR=1.07; 95% CI=0.82 to 6.30; p= 0.001), longer hormonal contraceptive use ≥10 years (OR=3.25; 95% CI= 1.20 to 9.63 p= 0.003).Conclusion: The risk of breast cancer increases with earlier age at menarche, delayed age at first pregnancy, delayed age at menopause, longer hormonal contraceptive use.Keyword: Breast Cancer, Risk FactorCorrespondence: Yana Listyawardhani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email:yanalistya@gmail.comJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2018), 3(2): 118-127https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2018.03.02.02 
Co-Authors Ambar Mudigdo Didik Gunawan Tamtomo Esty Budiarti Yana Listyawardhani