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All Journal Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy
Mr. R. VENKATESH. M.A., Ph.D
Research Assistant, PG & Research Department of History Government Arts College (A), Kumbakonam- 612002
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Rural Housing and Social Mobility: A District Level Study of PMAY-G in Tamil Nadu Dr. N. RAMESHKUMAR; Mr. T. SATHISPRABU. M.A., M.Phil. SET., Ph.D; Mr. R. VENKATESH. M.A., Ph.D
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): September
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21853663

Abstract

Housing is a fundamental component of human development, contributing significantly to social security, economic stability, and overall quality of life. The Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY-G), launched by the Government of India in 2016, s eeks to provide pucca houses with basic amenities to all eligible rural households, thereby improving living standards and promoting inclusive rural development. This study examines the implementation and impact of PMAY-G at the district level in Tamil Nadu, with particular emphasis on its role in enhancing social mobility among rural beneficiaries. The research analyzes district-wise patterns of housing distribution, beneficiary selection, fund utilization, and completion rates, while assessing improvements in education, health, sanitation, employment opportunities, and social status resulting from access to secure housing. The study adopts a descriptive and analytical approach, utilizing secondary data obtained from government reports, census publications, PMAY-G dashboards, and district statistical handbooks. It also explores regional disparities in implementation and identifies the administrative, financial, and socio-economic factors influencing the scheme's effectiveness across districts. The findings indicate that PMAY-G has substantially improved housing conditions and access to essential services, contributing to greater socio-economic inclusion and upward social mobility among rural households. However, variations in implementation efficiency, delays in fund disbursement, and infrastructural challenges continue to affect outcomes in certain districts.
Housing Security and Land Ownership under Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY-G): Assessing Rural Development Outcomes in Tamil Nadu Dr. N. RAMESHKUMAR; Mr. T. SATHISPRABU. M.A., M.Phil. SET., Ph.D; Mr. R. VENKATESH. M.A., Ph.D
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): September
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21736724

Abstract

Housing security and secure land ownership are fundamental components of sustainable rural development, social protection, and poverty reduction. The Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY-G), launched in 2016, seeks to provide permanent housing to eligible rural households while promoting dignity, asset creation, and inclusive growth. In Tamil Nadu, the implementation of PMAY-G has been strengthened by the state's long-standing commitment to welfare-oriented housing policies and decentralized rural governance. This study assesses the effectiveness of PMAY-G in enhancing housing security and land ownership and examines its contribution to rural development outcomes in Tamil Nadu. The programme has strengthened household asset ownership and promoted women's empowerment through joint or exclusive ownership of residential property. Beneficiaries have experienced improved access to sanitation, safe drinking water, electricity, and other essential services, leading to better health outcomes, educational opportunities, and enhanced quality of life.
Public Policy Effectiveness of PMAY-G in Tamil Nadu: An Assessment of Rural Housing and Social Welfare Dr. N. RAMESHKUMAR; Mr. T. SATHISPRABU. M.A., M.Phil. SET., Ph.D; Mr. R. VENKATESH. M.A., Ph.D
Journal of International Islamic Law, Human Right and Public Policy Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): September
Publisher : PT. Radja Intercontinental Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21853442

Abstract

Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY-G) has emerged as one of India's flagship rural housing programmes, aiming to provide safe, durable, and affordable housing to economically weaker rural households while promoting inclusive and sustainable development. This study evaluates the public policy effectiveness of PMAY-G in Tamil Nadu by assessing its contribution to rural housing improvement and social welfare outcomes. The research adopts a mixed-method approach, integrating quantitative data obtained from beneficiary households with qualitative insights gathered through interviews with local officials, Panchayat representatives, and beneficiaries. The analysis focuses on key policy dimensions, including beneficiary identification, transparency in implementation, financial assistance, housing quality, infrastructure convergence, and beneficiary satisfaction. The programme has also strengthened women's empowerment by encouraging property ownership in the names of women or jointly with spouses, thereby enhancing household decision-making and economic security. Despite these achievements, the study identifies challenges related to delays in fund disbursement, rising construction costs, regional disparities in implementation, shortages of skilled labour, and limited technical support during house construction.
Co-Authors Dr. N. RAMESHKUMAR Dr. N. RAMESHKUMAR Mr. T. SATHISPRABU. M.A., M.Phil. SET., Ph.D