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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies
Johara D. Alangca-Azis
Mindanao State University-Main Campus
Education Other

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Meranaw Language Vitality in Select Lanao Municipalities: A Preliminary Assessment Alican M. Pandapatan; Sittie Aina T. Pandapatan; Basmah S. Hussain; Aisah Jamayesah A. Hadji Jamel; Norjanah U. Hadji Socor; Sittie Zinab M. Abaton; Norhamidah H. Singer; Adiah A. Ali; Isnihaya M. Ampuan; Johara D. Alangca-Azis
Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v15i1.29649

Abstract

Language vitality is determined using various forms of language vitality measurements. One of these is the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS) developed by Lewis and Simons (2010). Meranaw, coded as [mrw] in Ethnologue, is a language under the Danao Language group and is reported endangered. This is seconded by a dissertation declaring it as Level 6b (threatened). Motivated by this reported language status, the researchers, who are native speakers of the said language, conducted this study to assess its vitality. Informants were selected through purposive sampling in four major divisions of the Meranaw communities. Different generations were also considered as a criterion for informant selection. The study revealed that the Meranaw language is vitally safe and is used in different domains in the province. These findings are contrary to the reported status above. The challenges perceived in language maintenance are the weakening use of language at home, influence of education and language policy, shifting language attitudes among speakers, influence of media, technology, and younger generation, migration and language attrition, and vocabulary loss. On the other hand, the initiatives reported include the home-based language initiatives, role of schools and formal education, documentation and material development, institutional and government support, and social media content creation. This entails updates on language dynamism and stability in inner and outer communities should be defined well to ensure vitality status. The study recommends another investigation using another instrument to cross-check the status of the Meranaw language.
Assessing English writing needs for civil engineering students: evidence from a Philippine college Sittie Aina T. Pandapatan; Abdullah H. Edris; Johara D. Alangca-Azis; Stephen A. Fadare; Al-nor D. Ansao; Basmah S. Hussain
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 15, No 4: August 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v15i4.38708

Abstract

This study examined the perceived English writing needs of civil engineering students at a private higher education institution in the Philippines. Using a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 216 second- to fourth-year students through purposive sampling and a validated 15-item writing needs questionnaire. The instrument demonstrated strong internal consistency, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings showed that students reported substantial needs in both foundational writing skills and field-related written outputs. The most strongly perceived needs were related to grammar, sentence clarity, idea development, and the writing of engineering reports, executive summaries, formal letters, and memoranda. These results suggest that general English instruction alone may be insufficient to address the disciplinary communication demands of civil engineering. The study highlights the need to integrate discipline-specific writing support into the curriculum to strengthen students’ academic writing, professional communication, and workplace readiness.
Co-Authors Abdullah H. Edris Adiah A. Ali Aisah Jamayesah A. Hadji Jamel Al-nor D. Ansao Alican M. Pandapatan Basmah S. Hussain Basmah S. Hussain Isnihaya M. Ampuan Norhamidah H. Singer Norjanah U. Hadji Socor Sittie Aina T. Pandapatan Sittie Zinab M. Abaton Stephen A. Fadare