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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development
Kabir Danjuma
Federal Polytechnic Idah
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Comparative Phytochemicals Screening, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Some Selected Medicinal Plants in Nigeria Kabir Danjuma
Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Health Research and Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/ijhrd.v3i3.518

Abstract

Background: Antibiotics resistance poses serious health threats globally, necessitating the search and development of an efficient environmentally friendly antibiotics. Evaluation of medicinal plants possessing antioxidant and antimicrobial chemicals is essential for solving this problem and improves human health.Aims: This research was done to assess the phytochemical status, antioxidant and antibacterial potentials of the leaf extracts of four medicinal plants (Moringa oleifera, Linus usitatissimum, Vernonia amygdalina, and Anacardium occidentale) cultivated in Nigeria. Methods: Standard methods were used to screen the phytochemicals; agar well diffusion and DPPH radical scavenging assays were employed to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the extracts. Results: The results showed that the medicinal plants tested possessed significant phytochemicals including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, among others. The plants showed effective antibacterial properties, with Moringa oleifera showing highest antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, followed by Vernonia amygdalina, Linus usitatissimum, and anacardium occidentale. The medicinal plants also showed powerful antioxidant potentials with lower IC50 values. moringa oleifera being the most powerful has an IC50 value of 41.95 µg/ml, followed by Linus usitatissimum (IC50 = 43.09 µg/ml), Vernonia amygdalina (IC50 = 54.64 µg/ml), and anacardium occidentale (IC50 = 66.85 µg/ml), compared with the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 14.14 µg/ml)). Conclusion: The medicinal plants tested in this study possess significant bioactive compounds and could serve as an effective potential agent against pathogenic bacteria, suppress oxidative stress thereby improving the human health quality.
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Nuts of Anacardium occidentale Kabir Danjuma; Paul Jere
Journal of Natural Products and Drug Development Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Natural Products and drug Development
Publisher : CV Media Inti Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58723/jnpdd.v2i1.131

Abstract

Background: Anacardium occidentale (cashew) is an economically important tropical plant valued for its edible nuts and numerous medicinal properties. Beyond the plant itself, its endophytic fungi have attracted increasing attention as potential sources of bioactive secondary metabolites with antioxidant and therapeutic applications. Despite the well-documented phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Anacardium occidentale, limited information is available on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of its nut-associated endophytic fungi.Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Anacardium occidentale (cashew) nuts.Methods: Four endophytic fungal isolates (EF1–EF4) were cultured, and their crude extracts were subjected to qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses using standard procedures. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, IC₅₀ determination, and total antioxidant capacity assay.Result: All fungal isolates contained important bioactive phytochemicals and exhibited antioxidant activity. EF3 showed the highest levels of phenolics, tannins, and terpenoids, as well as the strongest antioxidant activity, with the lowest IC₅₀ value (47.55 µg/mL) and the highest total antioxidant capacity (112.83 mg AAE/g extract) among the fungal isolates.Conclusion: This research has identified novel fungal-derived natural antioxidants from Anacardium occidentale nuts with potential applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries.
Co-Authors Paul Jere