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All Journal Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Siti Aisyah
Universitas PTIQ Jakarta
Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Neuroscience Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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Dilema Metodologis Ilmu Sosial Islam: Kritik Epistemologis atas Dominasi Positivisme Siti Aisyah
Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/cerdika.v6i4.3417

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas dilema metodologis dalam ilmu sosial Islam yang muncul akibat dominasi paradigma positivisme dalam ilmu-ilmu sosial modern. Positivisme, dengan penekanannya pada objektivitas empiris, reduksionisme kausal, dan pemisahan fakta–nilai, telah lama mempengaruhi cara penelitian sosial dirancang, dianalisis, dan divalidasi. Namun, pendekatan ini tidak sepenuhnya kompatibel dengan epistemologi Islam yang berlandaskan tauhid, integrasi makna, serta keberpihakan pada nilai dan tujuan moral. Kajian kepustakaan ini menelusuri perkembangan kritik epistemologis terhadap positivisme dalam literatur lima tahun terakhir dan mengidentifikasi bagaimana dilema metodologis terjadi ketika metode positivistik diterapkan dalam konteks masyarakat Muslim. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa positivisme sering gagal menangkap kedalaman makna tindakan sosial, mengabaikan dimensi etis-spiritual, serta mereduksi kompleksitas fenomena yang berakar pada ajaran dan tradisi Islam. Artikel ini menawarkan kerangka alternatif berbasis integrasi epistemologi Islam khususnya maqasid al-shari‘ah dan pendekatan hermeneutik yang dapat memperkuat landasan metodologis ilmu sosial Islam. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya rekonstruksi metodologi yang tidak hanya empiris dan analitis, tetapi juga normatif, kontekstual, dan selaras dengan pandangan dunia Islam.
Maqasid Al-Qur’an in the Face of Contemporary Legal Challenges: An Epistemological Study on the Implementation of the Aceh Qanun Jinayat in Indonesia's Public Sphere Siti Aisyah
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jiss.v7i1.2183

Abstract

This study aims to explain how maqāṣid al-Qur’ān can be used as an epistemological framework to assess the implementation of the Aceh Criminal Code in the context of the Indonesian public sphere. This issue is important because the qanun is often debated between the legitimacy of local autonomy, the moral demands of the Acehnese people, and modern human rights criticism. This study uses a qualitative-epistemological approach by combining content analysis of Qanun No. 6 of 2014, a literature review of research conducted over the past five years, thematic analysis, and a socio-legal approach to map the relationship between Sharia norms, legal practices, and social dynamics. The results show that qanun has strong historical and political legitimacy and is viewed by the community as an instrument for maintaining moral order and social cohesion after the conflict. From the maqāṣid perspective, qanun can be categorized as an effort to protect religion, life, and public honor, especially when implemented through educational and preventive mechanisms. However, the study also found that alignment with maqāṣid is highly dependent on procedural quality, operational standards, victim protection, and moderation of implementation. This study concludes that reforming implementation is the most maqāṣidi step to ensure substantive justice and protection of human dignity in Aceh.
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