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All Journal JURNAL PERSPEKTIF BEA DAN CUKAI
MOHD HAIRUL MOHD SALLEH
ROYAL MALAYSIAN CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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MODERNIZING CUSTOMS FOR CITES ENFORCEMENT: ENHANCING TRANSPARENCY AND CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION IN MALAYSIA: ENHANCING TRANSPARENCY AND CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION IN MALAYSIA MOHD HAIRUL MOHD SALLEH
JURNAL PERSPEKTIF BEA DAN CUKAI Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Regional Training Center
Publisher : Unit Penerbitan Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31092/jpbc.v9i3.3699

Abstract

This review examines the strategic role of the Royal Malaysian Customs Department (RMCD) in enhancing transparency and cross-border cooperation for the enforcement of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Given Malaysia’s position as a critical transit hub for wildlife trafficking, this study addresses key challenges such as fragmented data systems, weak interagency coordination, and limited species identification capacity. Using a qualitative, narrative-based approach, the review analyzes literature, regional initiatives (e.g., ASEAN-WEN), and customs modernization tools, including ePermits, non-intrusive inspection, and AI-based risk profiling. The results reveal progress in digitization and regional cooperation, yet underscore persistent gaps in real-time data interoperability, legal harmonization, and officer training. Discussion highlights the need for standardized procedures, cross-border intelligence exchange, and policy reform to align enforcement practices with international biodiversity goals. Conclusively, the study proposes a multi-layered strategy—integrating technological innovation, regulatory alignment, and regional capacity building—to enhance CITES enforcement and position RMCD as a regional leader in biodiversity protection.
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