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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ENNY SUDARMONOWATI
Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI), Cibinong-Bogor 16911
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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The growth of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on various alternative gelling agents DODY PRIADI; HANI FITRIANI; ENNY SUDARMONOWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 9 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d090103

Abstract

Gelling agents which is an important component in plant tissue culture media is considered expensive which causes high cost of plant micropropagation in developing countries. The objective of the study was to evaluate various commercial starches (hunkue, sago, tapioca, maize and arrowroot) and food agars for substitution of standard technical agar which commonly used in tissue culture medium. Young stem cuttings with five buds of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz. genotype Iding and Gebang) cultured on MS hormone-free media solidified with those starches and agars. Parameters observed were total and length of shoots and rate of contamination. Result of studyshowed that the highest total shoots (2.45) on genotype Iding obtained from Agar Swallow 0.8% (control), meanwhile on Gebang (2.85) obtained from tapioca 25%. The highest shoot length on genotype Iding (17.2 mm) obtained from maize, meanwhile on Gebang obtained from agar Sinar Kencana 2% (8.95 mm). Contamination rate of explants caused by bacteria or fungi on genotype Iding was 30-70%, meanwhile on Gebang was 20-60%. Further study needs to be done to evaluate more gelling agents from different sources and theircombinations.© 2008 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: medium, gelling agents, agar, starch, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz).
Effect of medium composition and explant size on embryogenic calli formation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) local genotypes DODY PRIADI; ENNY SUDARMONOWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 7 No. 3 (2006)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d070315

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tropical crop species used for human consumption, feed and raw material for various industries. Genetic transformation through embryogenic tissues is known as an effective method for cassava genetic improvements. Objective of this study was to obtain a suitable medium and length of explants to induce embryogenic callus on friable embryogenic callus (FEC) as a target for genetic transformation. Immature leaf lobes (1-3 mm, 3-5 mm and larger than 5 mm in length) of local genotypes of cassava (Adira 4. Menti, Iding, Gebang, Rawi and Timtim-29) cultured in vitro were used as explants. The explants were incubated for 2 and 4 weeks on MS (Murashige-Skoog) or GD (Greshooff & Doy) semi solid medium containing 10 mg/L picloram, 6 mg/L NAA supplemented with 4% sucrose and 4 μM CuSO4. Results showed that the highest percentage (100%) of embryogenic calli formation for 4 weeks obtained by culturing Iding of 3-5 mm length on GD semi solid medium, whereas the lowest (33%) one obtained by incubation 5 mmleaf lobe of Timtim-29 on the same medium. The most suitable medium for callus induction was GD, whereas the optimum length of explants was 5 mm or larger. Further study needs to be done to obtain friable embryogenic calli (FEC) by employing different concentration of picloram and varying other critical factors.© 2006 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Manihot esculenta Crantz, cassava, medium, embryogenic, callus
Co-Authors DODY PRIADI HANI FITRIANI