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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Diah Rachmawati
Department of Tropical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Sleman 55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Selection of drought-tolerant local rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia during vegetative stage Yustina Carolina Febrianti Salsinha; Didik Indradewa; Yekti Asih Purwestri; Diah Rachmawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210122

Abstract

Abstract. Salsinha Y C F, Indradewa D, Purwestri Y A, Rachmawati D. 2020. Selection of drought-tolerant local rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara during vegetative stage. Biodiversitas 21: 170-178. East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), with the predominance of dry climate, has the potential of the plant with high tolerance to drought. This research was conducted to select drought-tolerant rice cultivars. There were eight NTT-rice cultivars tested: Pak morin (P1), Mapan (P2), Pak Mutin (P3), Gogo Fatuhao (P4), Seratus-malam Boawae (P5), Padi-Putih Kuatnana (P6), Padi-Putih Maumere (P7) and Gogo Sikka (P8) with 2 control cultivars tested: Ciherang (drought- susceptible) and IR-64 (drought tolerant). The treatment included were 100% FC (control), 50% FC (moderate) and 25% FC (severe drought) during vegetative stage. The morphological analysis of plant (plant height, number of leaves and tillers and root architecture) showed cultivars P1, P5 and P6 possess the best characteristics for tolerating drought. The physiological analysis (plant photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2-concentration, and transpiration rate) showed cultivar P5 and P6 possess the best characteristics for tolerating drought. The high levels of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents during drought conditions were observed in P5, P6, and P7 cultivars. Based on the relative water content, membrane stability index and proline levels, highest-resistance cultivar was P5 and P7 while the cultivar with high sensitivity to drought stress was P3. Based on the morphophysiological characteristics, it can be concluded that P5, P6, and P7 cultivar have the potential as drought-tolerant rice.
Selection of local swamp rice cultivars from Kalimantan (Indonesia) tolerant to iron stress during vegetative stage Vina Novianti; Didik Indradewa; Maryani MARYANI; Diah Rachmawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211210

Abstract

Abstract. Novianti V, Indradewa D, Maryani, Rachmawati D. 2020. Selection of local swamp rice cultivars from Kalimantan (Indonesia) tolerant to iron stress during vegetative stage. Biodiversitas 21: 5595-5606. Kalimantan with the large swamp area is a potential region in Indonesia to develop local rice cultivars with high tolerance to iron toxicity in tidal lowlands. This research was conducted to select iron toxicity-tolerant in local Kalimantan-rice cultivars, namely: Amas (AMS), Pandan Ungu (PDU), Kambang (KMB), Suatek Merah (SM), Siam Unus Mayang (SUM), Siam Unus Kuning (SUK), and Siam 11 Panjang (S11P). As control, two rice cultivars: Ciherang (iron toxicity-susceptible) and Inpara 5 (iron toxicity-tolerant) were also used. The seeds were grown hydroponically for 35 DAP (days after planting) in Yoshida nutrient solution containing 0 ppm (control), 100 ppm (low), and 400 ppm (high) FeS2 as pyrite treatments. Morphological analysis (plant height, leaf length and width, and leaves number) showed that PDU and KMB cultivars have better characters for tolerating iron toxicity. The highest level of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents during iron toxicity treatment was observed in KMB cultivar. AMS cultivar had the highest proline level under high iron stress. Antioxidant enzyme analysis showed that AMS, PDU, and KMB cultivars had a high percentage increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes when exposed to high pyrite conditions. Based on morphophysiological characteristics, biochemical component, and enzymatic antioxidant activity, it can be concluded that AMS, PDU, and KMB cultivars are potential candidates as iron toxicity-tolerant rice.
Co-Authors Didik Indradewa Didik Indradewa Maryani MARYANI Vina Novianti Yekti Asih Purwestri Yustina Carolina Febrianti Salsinha