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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Elfita Elfita
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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New emerging entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soil in South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their filtrate and conidial insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura Siti Herlinda; Riski Anwar Efendi; Radix Suharjo; Hasbi Hasbi; Arum Setiawan; Elfita Elfita; Marieska Verawaty
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211115

Abstract

Abstract. Herlinda S, Efendi RA, Suharjo R, Hasbi, Setiawan A, Elfita, Verawaty M. 2020. New emerging entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soil in South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their filtrate and conidial insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura. Biodiversitas 21: 5102-5113. This study was carried out to confirm identity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae using sequence analysis of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region as well as the two unknown isolates of EPF and to investigate their filtrate and conidial insecticidal activity against S. litura larvae. The EPF species were identified based on morphological characters and molecular analysis. Their culture filtrate and conidial bioassays were performed on S. litura larvae. The species found were Penicillium citrinum (BKbTp), Talaromyces diversus (MSwTp1), B. bassiana (BSwTd4), and M. anisopliae (MSwTp3) and have been deposited in the GenBank. All EPF species have high insecticidal activity against S. litura larvae. The highest larvae mortality caused by filtrate was found on P. citrinum (98.67%) and not significantly different from those of T. diversus (96%), but significantly different from B. bassiana (86.67%) and M anisopliae (82.67%). The highest larvae mortality caused by the conidia was also occurred to P. citrinum (98.67%) which was not significantly different from those of T. diversus (97.33%), B. bassiana (86.67%), and M. anisopliae (86.67%). The LT50 caused by T. diversus filtrate was the shortest (6.19 days) and not significantly different from those caused by P. citrinum (6.62 days). The shortest LT50 caused by conidia was found on P. citrinum (5.45 days). Therefore, the conidia and filtrate of P. citrinum, a new emerging entomopathogenic fungus, has the highest insecticidal activity. P. citrinum has the potential to be developed into commercial mycoinsecticides.
Diversity of endophytic fungi in Syzygium aqueum Ummi Hiras Habisukan; ELFITA ELFITA; HARY WIDJAJANTI; ARUM SETIAWAN; ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220307

Abstract

Abstract. Habisukan UH, Elfita, Widjajanti H, Setiawan A, Kurniawati AR. 2021. Diversity of endophytic fungi in Syzygium aqueum. Biodiversitas 22: 1129-1137. Exploring endophytic fungi may provide alternative, plant-based ethnomedicines. The discovery of endophytic fungi can produce many plant-derived drugs that give new horizons to the pharmaceutical industry for the availability and production of such medicines on a large scale. Extracts from Syzygium aqueum Alston (jambu air), a fruit-bearing plant native to Indonesia, have long been used in traditional medicine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify, and investigate, the antimicrobial activity of the endophytic fungi found in S. aqueum. Results revealed that total16 fungi were isolated . Fungal endophytes were identified through morphological characterization and subsequently compared with key fungal identification books. The ethyl acetate extracts of the isolated endophytic fungi were screened for their antimicrobial activity through paper disc diffusion assay fungi isolated from S. aqueum were identified as: Aspergillus niger (Isolate code R21, R41, T72), Cylindrocarpon sp. (Isolate code R11, R31), Trichoderma aureoviridae (Isolate code T11), Trichoderma harzianum (Isolate code T21), Trichoderma sp. (Isolate code T31), Pestalotia sp. (Isolate code T41and T62), Beltrania sp. (Isolate code T52), Chaetomium sp. (Isolate code L11), Cochliobolus sp. (Isolate code L22), Penicillium sp. (Isolate code L32), Cylindrocladium sp. (Isolate code L42), and an unidentified Ascomycota (T51). The values of Shannon-Weiner and Simpson diversity indexes for the overall fungal community were H?=2.133 and 1-D=0.859 respectively. All isolates showed potential antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus, but the lowest activity against Candida albicans. The results indicate that the bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites of these isolates should be further investigated for pharmaceutical applications.
Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the stem bark of jambu mawar (Syzygium jambos) KURRATUL ‘AINI; ELFITA ELFITA; HARY WIDJAJANTI; ARUM SETIAWAN; ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230156

Abstract

Abstract. ‘Aini K, Elfita, Widyajanti H, Setiawan A, Kurniawati AR. 2021. Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the stem bark of jambu mawar (Syzygium jambos). Biodiversitas 23: 521-532. Syzygium jambos (jambu mawar) is widely used in South Sumatra as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases, including pathogenic bacterial infections. Literature studies report that parts of S. jambos have been used worldwide for treating diarrhea accompanied by fever, dysentery, sore throat, diabetes, and other infectious diseases. Endophytic fungi isolated from medicinal plants have high diversity, and the biological activity of their secondary metabolites is associated with their host. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the diversity of endophytic fungi from the stem bark of S. jambos and the antibacterial activity of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi. Fungal isolates with high antibacterial activity were identified to obtain fungal species, and the structure of their compounds was determined. The disc diffusion method carried the antibacterial activity test against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) bacteria. Characteristics of endophytic fungi were identified microscopically and macroscopically. Active endophytic fungi were identified by molecular analysis of the internal transcribed region (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA. Isolation of antibacterial compounds using chromatographic techniques and determination of chemical structures using spectroscopy was performed. Eight endophytic fungi were obtained from the stem bark of S. jambos, namely SJ1–SJ8. The endophytic fungus SJ6 showed the highest activity and base on phylogenetic analysis, was identified as Fusarium verticillioides. Pure compounds isolated as yellowish-white solids showed good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. typhi with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 64 g/mL each. Based on 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis, compound 1 was identified as 3-hydroxy-4-(hydroxy(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)dihydrofuran-2-on.
Diversity and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant of Syzygium jambos KURRATUL ‘AINI; ELFITA ELFITA; HARY WIDJAJANTI; ARUM SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230625

Abstract

Abstract. ‘Aini K, Elfita, Widjajanti H, Setiawan A. 2022. Diversity and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant of Syzygium jambos. Biodiversitas 23: 2981-2989. Currently, antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important threats to global public health. This is due to the various mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Thus, the need for new sources of bioactive compounds outside conventional antibiotics is a top priority. This investigation evaluated the diversity and antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves and root bark of jambu mawar (Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston). The endophytic fungi were grown on PDA media, and their antibacterial activities were tested using the Kirby-Bauer method on two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria. A total of 10 (SJD1-SJD10) and 11 isolates (SJA1-SJA11) of endophytic fungi were identified from the leaves and root bark of S. jambos, respectively. Among them, SJA8 isolate exhibited strong antibacterial activity. Based on morphological characterization and phylogenetic tree analysis, SJA8 was identified as Pleiocarpon livistonae. Isolation and identification of pure compounds from the fungi may reveal potential candidates for new antibiotic substances.
Co-Authors ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI Arum Setiawan HARY WIDJAJANTI HARY WIDJAJANTI Hasbi Hasbi KURRATUL ‘AINI Marieska Verawaty Radix Suharjo Riski Anwar Efendi Siti Herlinda Ummi Hiras Habisukan