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HARY WIDJAJANTI
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Diversity of endophytic fungi in Syzygium aqueum Ummi Hiras Habisukan; ELFITA ELFITA; HARY WIDJAJANTI; ARUM SETIAWAN; ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220307

Abstract

Abstract. Habisukan UH, Elfita, Widjajanti H, Setiawan A, Kurniawati AR. 2021. Diversity of endophytic fungi in Syzygium aqueum. Biodiversitas 22: 1129-1137. Exploring endophytic fungi may provide alternative, plant-based ethnomedicines. The discovery of endophytic fungi can produce many plant-derived drugs that give new horizons to the pharmaceutical industry for the availability and production of such medicines on a large scale. Extracts from Syzygium aqueum Alston (jambu air), a fruit-bearing plant native to Indonesia, have long been used in traditional medicine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify, and investigate, the antimicrobial activity of the endophytic fungi found in S. aqueum. Results revealed that total16 fungi were isolated . Fungal endophytes were identified through morphological characterization and subsequently compared with key fungal identification books. The ethyl acetate extracts of the isolated endophytic fungi were screened for their antimicrobial activity through paper disc diffusion assay fungi isolated from S. aqueum were identified as: Aspergillus niger (Isolate code R21, R41, T72), Cylindrocarpon sp. (Isolate code R11, R31), Trichoderma aureoviridae (Isolate code T11), Trichoderma harzianum (Isolate code T21), Trichoderma sp. (Isolate code T31), Pestalotia sp. (Isolate code T41and T62), Beltrania sp. (Isolate code T52), Chaetomium sp. (Isolate code L11), Cochliobolus sp. (Isolate code L22), Penicillium sp. (Isolate code L32), Cylindrocladium sp. (Isolate code L42), and an unidentified Ascomycota (T51). The values of Shannon-Weiner and Simpson diversity indexes for the overall fungal community were H?=2.133 and 1-D=0.859 respectively. All isolates showed potential antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus, but the lowest activity against Candida albicans. The results indicate that the bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites of these isolates should be further investigated for pharmaceutical applications.
Diversity and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant of Syzygium jambos KURRATUL ‘AINI; ELFITA ELFITA; HARY WIDJAJANTI; ARUM SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230625

Abstract

Abstract. ‘Aini K, Elfita, Widjajanti H, Setiawan A. 2022. Diversity and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the medicinal plant of Syzygium jambos. Biodiversitas 23: 2981-2989. Currently, antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important threats to global public health. This is due to the various mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Thus, the need for new sources of bioactive compounds outside conventional antibiotics is a top priority. This investigation evaluated the diversity and antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves and root bark of jambu mawar (Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston). The endophytic fungi were grown on PDA media, and their antibacterial activities were tested using the Kirby-Bauer method on two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria. A total of 10 (SJD1-SJD10) and 11 isolates (SJA1-SJA11) of endophytic fungi were identified from the leaves and root bark of S. jambos, respectively. Among them, SJA8 isolate exhibited strong antibacterial activity. Based on morphological characterization and phylogenetic tree analysis, SJA8 was identified as Pleiocarpon livistonae. Isolation and identification of pure compounds from the fungi may reveal potential candidates for new antibiotic substances.
Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Peronema canescens leaves ELFITA ELFITA; RIAN OKTIANSYAH; MARDIYANTO MARDIYANTO; HARY WIDJAJANTI; ARUM SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230946

Abstract

Abstract. Elfita, Oktiansyah R, Mardiyanto, Widjajanti H, Setiawan A. 2022. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Peronema canescens leaves. Biodiversitas 23: 4783-4792. Peronema canescens Jack. or sungkai is a plant found in tropical rainforests. Also known as Peronema heterophyllum Miq., it belongs to the Verbenaceae family and grows widely in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The local people believe that the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of its leaves increase immunity. Bioactivities of endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants are currently of great interest due to their potential for development and use in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and industrial fields. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of an extract of leaves from P. canescens host plant and compared them with those of extracts from an endophytic fungus. Antibacterial and antioxidant compounds derived from active extracts of endophytic fungi have the capability to be developed as a source of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds equivalent to those of their host. In this study, endophytic fungi were isolated from the fresh tissue of P. canescens leaves and identified morphologically. Their antibacterial activity was tested using the Kirby-Bauer method, and their antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method. The potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the endophytic fungi extracts were identified molecularly, and the compounds were isolated using column chromatography. A structural determination of the antibacterial and antioxidant compounds was conducted by spectroscopy involving NMR 1D and 2D. Twelve of the endophytic fungi were gained from the P. canescens leaves, namely RD1-RD12. The RD6 isolate showed the greatest potential for antibacterial and antioxidant activity, and its molecular identification was expressed as Penicillium oxalicum. The pure compound produced was a yellowish white solid with strong antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Based on an analysis of spectroscopy NMR 1D and 2D, compound I was identified as 3-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyacrylic acid. The study demonstrated that endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants and functioning as antibacterial and antioxidant agents have the potential to produce compounds as strong as those of the host plant. These compounds represent a potential new source for antibacterials and antioxidants.
Diversity and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from salam (Syzygium polyanthum) HARY WIDJAJANTI; ELFITA ELFITA; MIA TIRTA SARI; NURLISA HIDAYATI; POEDJI LOEKITOWATI HARIANI; ARUM SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240561

Abstract

Abstract. Widjajanti H, Elfita, Sari MT, Hidayati N, Hariani PL, Setiawan A. 2023. Diversity and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from salam (Syzygium polyanthum). Biodiversitas 24: 3051-3062. Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) is a medicinal plant from the family Myrtaceae. The leaves are used as a spice and treat diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ulcers, diarrhea, gastritis, and skin. This study aimed to determine endophytic fungi's diversity and antioxidant activity in the S. polyanthum plant. In addition, the distribution of endophytic fungi found on S. polyanthum was compared to that of previously reported endophytic fungi on other species of Syzygium. The distribution pattern of these endophytic fungi is needed to determine the presence of potential endophytic fungi that can live in host plants of the same genus. The endophytic fungi were isolated from fresh root bark, stem bark, and leaf tissues of S. polyanthum. The endophytic fungi were identified morphologically to determine their level of diversity; their extract was then tested for their antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The extract that showed the highest antioxidant activity was identified molecularly. A total of 18 endophytic fungi were obtained from S. polyanthum, including seven isolates from root bark (HSA1–HSA7), four isolates from stem bark (HSB1–HSB4), and seven isolates from leaves (HSD1–HSD7). The morphological identification showed seven genera scattered in all investigated parts: Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Pythium, Papulaspora, Pythiogeton, and Clonostachys. The HSD5 isolate showed the best antioxidant activity, and the molecular identification confirmed this isolate as Clonostachys rosea. The comparison of the distribution of endophytic fungi isolated from S. polyanthum to endophytic fungi isolated from the host genus Syzygium showed that endophytic fungi of three genera, namely Clonostachys, Papulaspora, and Pythiogeton, are specifically found on S. polyanthum. In addition, those of four other genera, namely Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Pythium, are found on other species of Syzygium.
Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi extracts isolated from the petiole of sungkai plant (Peronema canescens) RIAN OKTIANSYAH; ELFITA ELFITA; HARY WIDJAJANTI; SALNI SALNI; ARUM SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241213

Abstract

Abstract. Oktiansyah R, Elfita, Widjajanti H, Salni, Setiawan A. 2023. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi extracts isolated from the petiole of sungkai plant (Peronema canescens). Biodiversitas 24: 6516-6526. Indonesia has a diverse number of medicinal plants that are very helpful in preventing infectious diseases. Sungkai (Peronema canescens) is a medicinal plant of the family Verbenaceae that is often used and found in Indonesia. Its leaves possessed antibacterial and antioxidant properties that boost immunity and lessen the signs of infectious disorders. This study explored the types of endophytic fungi found in sungkai petioles and examined their relationship to previously reported sungkai leaf endophytic fungal isolates and spectrum of compounds contained them. Endophytic fungal were isolated from fresh leaf petioles of host plants, and their morphological and molecular characteristics were determined. Endophytic fungal extracts were tested for antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Utilizing the paper disk diffusion technique, the antibacterial characteristics were ascertained, while the DPPH method was used to determine antioxidant activity. Molecular identification was carried out on the fungal isolate with the most potential, and chemical compounds were isolated using column chromatography. The structures of the compounds were determined using spectroscopy, including 1D and 2D NMR. Eight endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from sungkai leaf stalks (RA1-RA8) of various species of the genus Trichoderma. Differences in the diversity of endophytic fungi found in leaf stalks and endophytic fungi from leaves were identified. RA1 showed the strongest antibacterial and antioxidant activity and was molecularly identified as T. harzianum. Spectroscopic analysis showed that the pure compound contained within was 9-hydroxy-7-methylenebenzo[c]oxepin-3(7H)-one (1), which had never previously been found in sungkai plants and endophytic fungi. The antibacterial activity of Compound 1 is in the strong category (MIC = 64 µg/mL) but is not active as an antioxidant. In terms of producing medicinal ingredients from endophytic fungi, T. harzianum in extract form has more potential to be developed.
Co-Authors ALFIA R. KURNIAWATI Arum Setiawan ELFITA ELFITA Elfita Elfita KURRATUL ‘AINI MARDIYANTO MARDIYANTO MIA TIRTA SARI NURLISA HIDAYATI POEDJI LOEKITOWATI HARIANI RIAN OKTIANSYAH RIAN OKTIANSYAH SALNI SALNI Ummi Hiras Habisukan