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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
SUWANDI SUWANDI
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Effect of endophytic entomopathogenic fungal conidia and blastospores induced in maize plants by seed inoculation on Spodoptera frugiperda immune response and mortality JELLY MILINIA PUSPITA SARI; SITI HERLINDA; SUWANDI SUWANDI; ELFITA ELFITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241053

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Abstract. Sari JMP, Herlinda S, Suwandi S, Elfita. 2023. Effect of endophytic entomopathogenic fungal conidia and blastospores induced in maize plants by seed inoculation on Spodoptera frugiperda immune response and mortality. Biodiversitas 24: 5709-5717. Endophytic entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) can produce conidia and blastospores; however, the pathogenicity of conidia and blastospores inoculated in plants on Spodoptera frugiperda larvae is limited. This research aimed to detect the effect of the endophytic entomopathogenic fungal conidia and blastospores induced in maize plants by seed inoculation on S. frugiperda's immune response and mortality. A total of 10 isolates of endophytic EPF were used in this experiment. The study revealed that 9 days after treatments, S. frugiperda larvae consuming maize leaves inoculated with blastospores of endophytic entomopathogenic fungi; their hemocyte concentration did not show any significant differences between the fungal treatments and control. However, 1 up to 7 days after treatments, the concentration significantly differed from the control. Furthermore, B. bassiana JgSPK, JaGiP, and JaSpkPGA(2) isolates tended to be the most pathogenic compared to other isolates. Feeding on leaves colonized by endophytic EPF could reduce the larval and pupal weight of S. frugiperda. The percentage of S. frugiperda non-emergence pupae from larvae-eating maize leaves colonized with B. bassiana JgSPK and JaGiP isolates was significantly higher than other fungal treatments and the control. The endophytic entomopathogenic fungal conidia and blastospores inoculated in maize plants by seed inoculation have a lethal effect on S. frugiperda larvae. However, exposure to conidia and blastospores did not reduce or increase the hemocyte concentration in the larvae hemolymph of S. frugiperda.
Various secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi induced by a newly modified medium and their insecticidal activities JELLY MILINIA PUSPITA SARI; SITI HERLINDA; ELFITA ELFITA; SUWANDI SUWANDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260437

Abstract

Abstract. Sari JMP, Herlinda S, Elfita, Suwandi S. 2025. Various secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi induced by a newly modified medium and their insecticidal activities. Biodiversitas 26: 1881-1890. This research aimed to identify and increase the variation of secondary metabolites of Penicillium citrinum, Beauveria bassiana, and Metarhizium anisopliae from South Sumatra and to determine their insecticidal activities. The fungi were grown on a Glucose Yeast Extract Broth (GYB) medium enriched with cricket powder and a Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium. Secondary metabolite compounds from peaks in the LC-MS chromatograms of the crude extract of P. citrinum cultured in GYB medium were guanidine acetate, 8-deoxygartanin, abafungin, and 2-amino-5-carboethoxy-4-hydroxypyrimidine. Isoquinoline and leucic acid were detected in P. citrinum extracts of PDB culture. B. bassiana could produce psoralidin and L-(+)-lysine from GYB culture and adenine, guanidine acetate, ethyl carbazate, aceglutamide, and L-(+)-lysine from PDB culture. M. anisopliae could synthesize cytosine, adenine, n-aminoguanidine, azanidazole, phenol, methyl carbazate, and antiarol from GYB medium and 3-(Dimethylamino)-1-propanethiol and 2-(7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione from PDB medium. P. citrinum extract from GYB culture caused the highest larval mortality (98%) of Spodoptera frugiperda. Nevertheless, the mortality was not significantly different from that induced by B. bassiana (96.67%) and M. anisopliae (97.33%) from GYB culture. Thus, the fungi cultured in the GYB medium have the potential to synthesize more secondary metabolite compounds, and they have high insecticidal activities, inducing high larval mortality.
Metabolomic profiling and antifungal potential of turmeric (Curcuma longa) root exudate against Ganoderma boninense LIDYA KARLINA; SUWANDI SUWANDI; RAHMAD FADLI; A. MUSLIM; HARMAN HAMIDSON; CHANDRA IRSAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 7 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260746

Abstract

Abstract. Karlina L, Suwandi S, Fadli R, Muslim A, Hamidson H, Irsan C. 2025. Metabolomic profiling and antifungal potential of turmeric (Curcuma longa) root exudate against Ganoderma boninense. Biodiversitas 26: 3600-3609. Ganoderma boninense, the causative agent of basal stem rot, significantly threatens oil palm cultivation. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a potential source of antifungal compounds for agricultural applications. This study investigates the antifungal properties of root exudates from four turmeric ecotypes (Palembang, Bandung, Surabaya, and Bangka) against Ganoderma boninense and employs untargeted metabolomics using LC-HRMS. The root exudates were collected from two-month-old plants grown in soil by incubating the roots in aerated sterile distilled water for 12 hours. The exudates were then filter-sterilized and directly used for antifungal assays and metabolomic analysis. The results revealed that turmeric root exudates at concentrations of 1.25%, 5%, and 20% inhibited G. boninense growth in a concentration-dependent manner, with the efficacy varying depending on turmeric ecotypes. The Palembang ecotype exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, with inhibition rates of 37.7% to 46.7%. The Bandung and Surabaya ecotypes showed moderate inhibition (10.3-36.2%), while the Bangka ecotype had weak effects. None of the turmeric exudates at concentrations between 1.25% and 20% promoted the growth of G. boninense. Metabolomic profiling played a crucial role in this study, identifying 193 metabolites, with 20 significant differentially accumulated metabolites in the inhibitory exudate group. Key metabolites such as azelaic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, haplofungin C, menthyl acetate, and piptamine were identified, shedding light on their potential contribution to antifungal activity. These findings indicate that turmeric root exudates contain bioactive compounds that could be explored as eco-friendly biocontrol agents against G. boninense.
Co-Authors A. MUSLIM CHANDRA IRSAN ELFITA ELFITA HARMAN HAMIDSON JELLY MILINIA PUSPITA SARI JELLY MILINIA PUSPITA SARI LIDYA KARLINA RAHMAD FADLI SITI HERLINDA