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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ARYA WIDURA RITONGA
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Estimation of genetic parameters and variability of various cayenne peppers under net shading GRETTY FEBRIOLA SIAHAAN; MUHAMMAD ACHMAD CHOZIN; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; ARYA WIDURA RITONGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241109

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Abstract. Siahaan GF, Chozin MA, Syukur M, Ritonga AW. 2023. Estimation of genetic parameters and variability of various cayenne peppers under net shading. Biodiversitas 24: 5912-5919. The intercropping systems are important concerning the decreasing agricultural land and the increasing population. Chili could be planted as intercrops, but not all chili genotypes were adapted to low light-intensity stress. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of cayenne pepper under 50% plastic net shade conditions based on morphological and agronomic traits. The study was conducted at the Cikabayan Experimental Field, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Dramaga, Bogor, from January to July 2021. The genetic material consisted of ten genotypes of cayenne pepper from Capsicum annuum L. and ten from Capsicum frustescens L.. Each genotype of chili was planted with three replications, so there were 60 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of six plants planted in an area of 1.5 m2. The shade used was a plastic net shade with a 50% shading level. The estimation of genetic parameters showed that leaf area, number of leaves, fruit weight, number of fruits, and yield per plant had a high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and broad-sense heritability (Hbs). Cluster analysis resulted in two main clusters based on twelve chili growth and agronomic characters. All chili genotypes included in Cluster 1 were C. annuum chilies. On the other hand, all the chili genotypes in Cluster 2 were C. frutescens chilies except for the G19 genotype. Cayenne pepper in Cluster 2 had a higher number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fruit diameter, pedicle length, fruit weight, number of fruits, and yield per plant than cayenne pepper in Cluster 1. The result of this study indicates that C. frutescens cayenne pepper has more potential to be planted under shading conditions and used in intercropping than C. annuum.
Genetic diversity and agronomic morphological characteristics of 22 hybrid purple sweet corn genotypes AGUNG TRIPUTRA TODINGRANTE; ARYA WIDURA RITONGA; SITI MARWIYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 8 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260840

Abstract

Abstract. Todingrante AT, Ritonga AW, Marwiyah S. 2025. Genetic diversity and agronomic morphological characteristics of 22 hybrid purple sweet corn genotypes. Biodiversitas 26: 4124-4136. Purple sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) is a nutritionally valuable crop known for its high anthocyanin content, which functions as a potent antioxidant. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and agronomic performance of 22 hybrid genotypes of purple sweet corn developed by Institut Pertanian Bogor. Field trials were conducted at the Pasir Kuda Experimental Station using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Eighteen quantitative and fifteen qualitative traits were evaluated to estimate genetic variability, heritability, and phenotypic expression. Analysis of variance indicated significant genotypic differences for the majority of traits. Broad-sense heritability estimates ranged from 8.24% (leaf width) to 96.99% (silking date), with high heritability observed for ear diameter (57.08%), ear weight with husk (66.40%), and Productivity (67.68%). The genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation revealed substantial genetic diversity across genotypes. Correlation analysis demonstrated that ear weight with husk (r = 0.68) and ear weight without husk exhibited strong and significant positive correlations with overall yield, highlighting their importance as effective selection criteria in breeding programs. Additional yield-contributing traits such as ear length, ear diameter, and number of kernel rows also showed positive associations with productivity, reinforcing their utility in selecting superior genotypes. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes based on morphological and agronomic similarities. Genotype G19 showed exceptional performance, with a high yield (18.55 tons ha?¹) and deep kernel pigmentation, making it a promising candidate for future breeding. These results provide valuable insights for developing high-yielding, anthocyanin rich purple sweet corn cultivars with enhanced agronomic performance and nutritional quality.
Microclimate diversity across sweet corn varieties and implications for agrobiodiversity in precision intercropping CARLA FRIEDA PANTOUW; BRAYEN PATANDEAN; ARYA WIDURA RITONGA; MUHAMAD ACHMAD CHOZIN; AGUS RACHMAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 10 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261037

Abstract

Abstract. Pantouw CF, Patandean B, Ritonga AW, Chozin MA, Rachmat A. 2025. Microclimate diversity across sweet corn varieties and implications for agrobiodiversity in precision intercropping. Biodiversitas 26: 5238-5247. The intercropping of sweet corn (Zea mays) and bird’s eye chili (Capsicum frutescens) is a promising land-use intensification strategy to improve resource-use efficiency while strengthening agrobiodiversity. This study evaluated four sweet corn varieties (Arinta, Exotic, Talenta, and Paragon) combined with two chili genotypes, Bonita (shade-loving) and Ori 212 (shade-tolerant), arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications at the Pasir Kuda Experimental Station, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia. Microclimate parameters (temperature, relative humidity, light intensity) were recorded with data loggers and lux meters, while chili morphophysiological traits included plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and physiological responses. Results indicated that variation in sweet corn canopy architecture significantly altered microclimatic conditions. Exotic and Talenta reduced light intensity by 43% (to 35,000 lux), which favored the growth of Ori 212 (height 65.25 cm; leaf area 19.61 cm²). Paragon created the coolest and most humid microclimate (29.7°C; 61.95% RH), stimulating maximum leaf expansion in Bonita (20.98 cm²). Arinta maintained higher light levels (47,633 lux), while the open control (>62,000 lux) suppressed chili growth (height 25 cm; leaf area 6-9 cm²) due to heat stress and photoinhibition. Pearson correlation further revealed strong positive associations among photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, demonstrating that microclimate directly regulates chili physiological dynamics. In conclusion, sweet corn canopy diversity plays a decisive role in shaping niche differentiation for chili in intercropping systems. The Exotic-Ori 212 and Paragon-Bonita combinations emerged as the most compatible patterns for achieving balanced growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and strengthened agrobiodiversity in sustainable tropical farming systems.
Co-Authors AGUNG TRIPUTRA TODINGRANTE AGUS RACHMAT BRAYEN PATANDEAN CARLA FRIEDA PANTOUW GRETTY FEBRIOLA SIAHAAN MUHAMAD SYUKUR MUHAMAD ACHMAD CHOZIN MUHAMMAD ACHMAD CHOZIN SITI MARWIYAH