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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Nusantara Bioscience
AMIN SETYO LEKSONO
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Other

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Habitat characteristics and threats of little-known endemic dragonfly, Neurothemis feralis (Burmeister, 1839) (Odonata: Libellulidae) in East Java, Indonesia MUHAMAD AZMI DWI SUSANTO; ZULFAIDAH PENATA GAMA; AMIN SETYO LEKSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250712

Abstract

Abstract. Susanto MAD, Gama ZP, Leksono AS. 2024. Habitat characteristics and threats of little-known endemic dragonfly, Neurothemis feralis (Burmeister, 1839) (Odonata: Libellulidae) in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2907-2920. Neurothemis feralis is a dragonfly with limited distribution and is found only in the lowlands of Java, Sumatra, Krakatau, and Bangka. Its habitats that traverse anthropogenic area face various threats from human activities. Despite the imminent of its depopulation, many essential information regarding the biology of N. feralis remain scarce, deem it with data deficient conservation status according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. This study aims to study habitat characteristics of N. feralis for future conservation purposes. This study was conducted in Surabaya, Sidoarjo, and Gresik, East Java Province, with a five-month study period of July-November 2023. The results showed that N. feralis prefers locations with 36-64% air humidity, 29.2-35.8°C air temperature, and 16970-36400 lux light intensity. Air humidity positively correlated with the abundance of N. feralis, while high temperatures and light intensity tend to have negative impact. The coverage of vegetation with 20-100 cm height was found as another habitat component that positively affects its abundance, while the loss of this coverage understandably negate the dragonfly abundance. Vegetation provides habitat for N. feralis, as well as its prey, competitors and even predators. Despite N. feralis population can still be observed from urban areas with up to 82.40% residential allotment (within 500 m radius of the study site), the disappearance of its population is likely if believably impending if anthropogenic activities (e.g., land conversion and vegetation burning) continue to occur.
Population dynamics of Bactrocera spp., and parasitization efficacy of Opius sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in citrus varieties YUNITA FERA RAHMAWATI; AMIN SETYO LEKSONO; AKHMAD RIZALI; ZULFAIDAH PENATA GAMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251134

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawati YF, Leksono AS, Rizali A, Gama ZP. 2024. Population dynamics of Bactrocera spp., and parasitization efficacy of Opius sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in citrus varieties. Biodiversitas 25: 4350-4359. Citrus crops play an important role in the agricultural sector of Indonesia. However, farmers face major challenges due to the infestations by the fruit fly, Bactrocera spp., which result in significant economic losses. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the periods of fruit fly infestation and evaluate the effectiveness of parasitoids. The population dynamics of Bactrocera spp. and parasitoids were analyzed across four citrus varieties in Malang District from January to December 2023. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912), Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, 1994, Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius, 1805), and Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett, 1899) were identified using pheromone traps and rearing methods. The results showed that B. dorsalis was the dominant species in all citrus varieties, with the highest abundance in siam madu variety. The Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) tested the fluctuation of Bactrocera spp. and the Bray-Curtis Index was used to measure the abundance in each variety, which was then visualized using Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMMS). Meanwhile, Opius sp. exhibited parasitism rates ranging from 13.52 to 69.10% in the four citrus varieties. Environmental factors, variety characteristics, and monoculture influenced fruit fly abundance and parasitoid effectiveness. July was an important period for pest management interventions, as Opius sp. entered an active time to control fruit flies. Understanding the population dynamics of these pests can help predict outbreaks and optimize the timing of control measures using parasitoids.
Diversity, abundance, and ecological roles of insect pollinators in red guava flowers (Psidium guajava) in East Java, Indonesia BUDI PURWANTININGSIH; AMIN SETYO LEKSONO; BAGYO YANUWIYADI; ZULFAIDAH PENATA GAMA; SAIFUL ARIF ABDULLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260320

Abstract

Abstract. Purwantiningsih B, Leksono AS, Yanuwiyadi B, Gama ZP, Abdullah SA. 2025. Diversity, abundance, and ecological roles of insect pollinators in red guava flowers (Psidium guajava) in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1211-1219. Red guava (Psidium guajava) is a high-value crop with relatively easy cultivation requirements. However, the decline in pollinating insects is a global issue that has led to reduced guava productivity and harvest yields. This study aimed to analyze the abundance, richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance of insects visiting red guava flowers, as well as to visually examine their visitation patterns across five locations in East Java, Indonesia: Pademonegoro, Tlekung, Oro-Oro Ombo, Junrejo, and Mulyoagung, and assess the ecological roles. A total of 3432 individual insects from 17 families and five orders were identified, with pollinators dominating in all locations. Junrejo exhibited the highest abundance (29.11%) but low diversity (0.78), whereas Pademonegoro had the highest diversity (1.80) with moderate abundance. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in insect composition between locations (p>0.05), although PCA analysis indicated variations in insect characteristics at certain sites. Insect activity was influenced by flowering periods, temperature, and light intensity, with peak activity varying across locations. These findings underscore the critical role of pollinators, particularly the Apidae family, in red guava pollination, highlighting their significant contribution. The study also highlights the diverse adaptations of insect communities to their local environments, providing insights into sustainable agroecosystem management through pollinator conservation.
Ecological characterization and conservation strategy of binjai (Mangifera caesia) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia MUHAMMAD ADAM MALIK; AMIN SETYO LEKSONO; GUNAWAN GUNAWAN; SAIFUL ARIF ABDULLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 8 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260815

Abstract

Abstract. Malik MA, Leksono AS, Gunawan, Abdullah SA. 2025. Ecological characterization and conservation strategy of binjai (Mangifera caesia) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 3827-3842. Binjai (Mangifera caesia), a member of the Anacardiaceae family native to Southeast Asia, faces severe threats from timber extraction and habitat loss in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, while limited ecological data have hindered targeted conservation. This study assessed the distribution, ecological characteristics, and conservation strategies of binjai through field observations, purposive and snowball sampling, and ecological surveys in 21 plots (20×20 m each). Environmental factors measured included elevation, air temperature, humidity, light intensity, soil temperature, soil moisture, and soil pH, while vegetation data were collected using nested subplots across understory to tree levels and analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), vegetation analysis, and SWOT analysis. A total of 21 binjai trees were recorded in home yards, rice fields, and mixed gardens, with PCA revealing that air humidity (70.00-82.33%) and soil moisture (52.78-63.89%) were the most influential habitat factors. Vegetation surveys identified 74 associated species from 38 families, with dominant taxa including Cynodon dactylon and Oryza sativa in the understory, Caryota mitis and M. caesia at seedling level, Musa paradisiaca and Bambusa spinosa at sapling and pole levels, and Cocos nucifera and Durio zibethinus at the tree level. Diversity indices (H?=1.53-2.81) indicated moderate diversity across vegetation layers, reflecting ecological stability. The SWOT analysis highlighted weaknesses such as low community awareness and reliance on aged trees, as well as threats from land conversion and limited legal protection. Accordingly, recommended strategies include in situ protection through sustainable management and agroforestry integration, ex situ germplasm preservation in botanical gardens, environmental education to raise awareness, and cross-sector collaboration to enhance the conservation and economic value of binjai
Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidae) diversity and structure community in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia NAJMATUL MILLAH; AMIN SETYO LEKSONO; BAGIO YANUWIADI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 15 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n150115

Abstract

Abstract. Millah N, Leksono AS, Yanuwiadi B. 2023. Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidae) diversity and structure community in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 118-128. Lumajang is one of the district in East Java, Indonesia with an area of around 1,790.90 km2 with various ecosystems. Unfortunately, several ecosystems in Lumajang have been degraded, affecting biodiversity, especially butterflies. The aim of this study was to analyze the structure of butterfly communities in Lumajang and analyze the species as bioindicators. The study was conducted in 5 habitats: Village, Agriculture, City Park, Community Forest, and Conservation Forest. The butterfly sampling method in this study was an Active Visual Survey using the Transect Pollard Walk; environmental factors were also measured during the study (temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind velocity, and altitude). The butterfly diversity and the measurement of environmental factors were analyzed for correlation using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of the study consisted of 124 species. Several were endemic species (Cyrestis lutea (Zincken, 1831), Ypthima nigricans (Snellen, 1892), Parantica albata (Zincken, 1831), Mycalesis sudra (Felder, 1867), and Pachliopta adamas (Zincken, 1831)), then protected species (Troides helena (Linnaeus, 1758), Troides cuneifera (Oberthür, 1879), and Troides amphrysus (Cramer, 1779)). The Shannon-Wienner diversity index values from highest to lowest are Community Forest (3.52), Conservation Forest (3.32), City Park (2.98), Village (2.79), and Agriculture (2.29). The results can be used as basic data and are expected to support butterfly conservation strategies in Indonesia, especially in Lumajang, East Java, Indonesia.
Co-Authors AKHMAD RIZALI BAGIO YANUWIADI BAGYO YANUWIYADI BUDI PURWANTININGSIH GUNAWAN GUNAWAN MUHAMAD AZMI DWI SUSANTO MUHAMMAD ADAM MALIK NAJMATUL MILLAH SAIFUL ARIF ABDULLAH SAIFUL ARIF ABDULLAH YUNITA FERA RAHMAWATI ZULFAIDAH PENATA GAMA