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All Journal Journal of Islamic Civilization Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review
Muhammad Torieq Abdillah
Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Social Sciences

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Shia Faction Involvement in the Israel-Palestine Conflict: Sunni Responses through the Lens of Religious Moderation Muhammad Torieq Abdillah; Gusriawan Sholehudin Wahid; Alma'arif Alma'arif
Journal of Islamic Civilization Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Journal of Islamic Civilization
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/jic.v7i1.7631

Abstract

This article examines the Israel-Palestine conflict, which has persisted since the is- suance of the Balfour Declaration in 1917. The declaration paved the way for the establishment of Israel in 1948 and consequently led to the displacement of the Pales- tinian population. Since then, numerous confrontations have occurred, including the Six-Day War, the Intifada movements, and repeated assaults on Gaza.  The conflict reached a new level of escalation in October 2023 through the Taufan al-Aqsa (Al- Aqsa Storm) operation, involving Hamas with the support of Hezbollah (Lebanon), the Houthi movement (Yemen), and Iran. Although Sunni and Shia groups differ ide- ologically, the participation of Shia factions demonstrates a shared opposition to Israel and a unified front in defending Palestine amidst the complex geopolitical tensions of the Middle East. The findings of this article indicate that the involvement of Shia factions in the Taufan al-Aqsa conflict, such as Iran’s support through Hezbollah and the Houthi movement has effectively created a proxy war against Israel, encompassing both military and ideological dimensions. Despite theological differences, Sunni and Shia actors remain united in resisting Israeli occupation. Within the framework of re- ligious moderation, the principles of tawassuth (moderation) and tasamuh (tolerance) enable Sunnis to support the Palestinian cause on humanitarian grounds, without nec- essarily endorsing Shia doctrinal positions. Solidarity rooted in shared human values thus serves as the foundation for cross-sectarian collaboration in the ongoing Pales- tinian struggle.
Deauthorizing Fatwa on Money Politics: Shifting Religious Morals in the Era of Transactional Democracy Muhammad Wahdini; Muhammad Torieq Abdillah; Alya Aulia Rachman Hamzah
Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review
Publisher : MUI Sulawesi Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64016/parewasaraq.v4i2.59

Abstract

The recurring phenomenon of money politics in every electoral contest in Indonesia reflects a persistent tension between religious moral authority and electoral political rationality. Although Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), Muhammadiyah, and the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) have issued fatwa forbidding money politics as a form of risywah (bribery) that contradicts Islamic principles of justice and trustworthiness, the practice continues to thrive at the grassroots level. Therefore, this study aims to investigate why the fatwa on money politics issued by major Islamic institutions in Indonesia have been ineffective in shaping the political behavior of the ummah in the Reformasi era. A qualitative method framed within the sociology of fatwa and the politics of Islamic law was used. This combined analytical perspective was used to examine fatwa as both normative-legal texts and socio-political instruments. Data were collected from fatwa documents, organizational publications, as well as elite and community responses to the practice of money politics. The results showed a process of deauthorization of fatwa, namely the weakening of religious moral authority under the growing dominance of transactional democratic logic and pragmatic electoral rationality. In this context, fatwa function more as symbolic moral references than effective instruments capable of transforming political behavior. The results underscore the need to reorient religious authority from a purely normative approach toward an ethical-political praxis that is more responsive to contemporary socio-political realities. In conclusion, this study contributes theoretically by expanding the understanding of the relationship between religion and politics in Indonesia and enriching scholarly discussions on the effectiveness of fatwa within the modern democratic sphere.
Co-Authors Alma'arif Alma'arif Alya Aulia Rachman Hamzah Gusriawan Sholehudin Wahid Muhammad Wahdini