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All Journal JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Humaniora)
Arifin Suryo Nugroho
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Civil Voices and Military Echoes: Media Responses to the Army’s Political Intervention In 1952 Arifin Suryo Nugroho
JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Humaniora) JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Humaniora) Vol. 9 No. 2 September 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jssh.v9i2.28511

Abstract

This article examines the responses of the mass media to the Indonesian Army’s political intervention during the 17 October 1952 Incident, employing a historical research method that includes the stages of heuristics, source verification, interpretation, and historiography. The incident not only shook civil–military relations but also ignited fierce debates among the Indonesian press in the early 1950s. The mass media, serving as the main instrument of public opinion formation, were divided into two major camps: the Merdeka newspaper on one side, and Indonesia Raya and Pedoman on the other. Under the leadership of B.M. Diah, Merdeka firmly condemned the Army’s actions, viewing them as a coup attempt against the constitutional government and warning of the dangers of military authoritarianism to democracy. Conversely, Indonesia Raya and Pedoman perceived the military intervention as a reaction to an unstable parliamentary system plagued by political intrigues. Through an analysis of editorials, opinion pieces, and the personal connections between press figures and the military, this study reveals that the divergent stances of the media reflected ideological tensions between civil supremacy and military political legitimacy—serving as an early mirror of civil–military dynamics in Indonesia’s post-independence political history.
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