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All Journal AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment)
R Mohammad Alghaf Dienullah
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" East Java, Surabaya, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science

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Optimization of Coagulation–Flocculation Treatment for Peat Water Based on Physicochemical Characteristics Rio Agustian Siregar; R Mohammad Alghaf Dienullah; Aulia Ulfah Farahdiba
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1200

Abstract

Peat water is characterized by low pH and high concentrations of dissolved organic matter, limiting its direct use as a clean water source. This study aimed to determine the optimum dosages of Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) and hydrated lime (Ca(OH)?) for peat water treatment based on physicochemical characteristics. The study employed a laboratory-scale jar test with rapid mixing at 120 rpm, followed by slow mixing at 45 rpm, using various dosages of PAC and hydrated lime. The treatment performance was evaluated based on pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity, and salinity. The results demonstrated that the combination of PAC and hydrated lime significantly improved the physicochemical characteristics of peat water. The optimum dosage yielded pH values near the recommended range while maintaining acceptable TDS, electrical conductivity, and salinity. These findings indicate that the combined application of PAC and hydrated lime is an effective alternative for improving peat water quality and can serve as a reference for peat water treatment systems Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 3: Good Health and Well-BeingSDG 6: Clean Water and SanitationSDG 9: Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureSDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities
Comparative Evaluation of Coagulation - Flocculation Performance of Peat Water from Sumatra and Kalimantan Ernest Nicholas Pongsamma; R Mohammad Alghaf Dienullah; Aulia Ulfah Farahdiba
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1272

Abstract

Peat water is a potential alternative water resource in Indonesia, particularly in the peatlands of Sumatra and Kalimantan. However, its high acidity and elevated concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM) prevent its direct use as drinking water. Since the physicochemical characteristics of peat water vary among regions, chemical dosage requirements and ionic behavior may differ under identical operating conditions. Therefore, as a preliminary optimization phase, this study comparatively evaluated the coagulation–flocculation performance of peat water collected from Sumatra and Kalimantan using the Jar Test method. Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) was employed as the primary coagulant, while burnt lime (CaO) and hydrated lime (Ca(OH)?) were evaluated as alkaline agents. Treatment performance was assessed based on initial baseline ionic responses, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC). Statistical analyses were performed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that sampling location, chemical treatment, and their interaction significantly affected all measured parameters (p < 0.001). Hydrated lime combined with PAC effectively increased pH, whereas TDS and EC responses varied according to treatment dosage and peat water origin. Among the evaluated treatments, HL200-PAC80 produced pH values closest to the Indonesian drinking water standard, whereas HL200-PAC20 applied to Kalimantan peat water resulted in the lowest residual TDS and EC. These findings demonstrate that regional variations in peat water characteristics strongly influence coagulation–flocculation performance, providing a foundational basis for site-specific dosage optimization prior to main-stage NOM and color removal processes. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 6: Clean Water and SanitationSDG 11: Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesSDG 13: Climate ActionSDG 15: Life on Land
Co-Authors Aulia Ulfah Farahdiba Ernest Nicholas Pongsamma Rio Agustian Siregar