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All Journal Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology
Ammarilis Murastami
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret / Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia
Health Professions

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Sexual Orientation and HIV Coinfection Among Serofast Syphilis Patients: A Retrospective Analysis in Surakarta, Indonesia Labitta Pachira Aquaira; Rina Purnamasari; Nanda Kurnia Ramadhan; Ammarilis Murastami
Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Scientific Journal of Dermatology and Venereology
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjdv.v3i2.274

Abstract

Background: Syphilis and its serofast state — persistent low-level non-treponemal reactivity after adequate therapy — complicate the assessment of cure, particularly where HIV coinfection is common, and Indonesian data are scarce. Objective: To profile serofast syphilis patients and compare the determinants of HIV coinfection. Methods: Retrospective analytic review of electronic medical records of all serofast syphilis patients attending RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta (January 2020–April 2026). Proportions are reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI); HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups were compared by Fisher exact and chi-square tests with odds ratios (OR) and Cramér's V, multivariable logistic regression and receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Of 46 patients, 91.3% were male, 45.7% aged 20–30 years, 39.1% had late latent syphilis, and 80.4% were HIV-coinfected (95% CI 66.8–89.3). Men who have sex with men accounted for 73.9% and strongly predicted HIV coinfection (OR 17.73, 95% CI 3.26–96.34; p<0.001; adjusted OR 41.56; AUC 0.838). Other characteristics were similar, and estimates were imprecise given the small comparison group. Conclusion: Serofast syphilis in this setting reflects a young, male, MSM, HIV-coinfected population; sexual orientation best distinguishes coinfection, supporting integrated HIV monitoring rather than reflexive re-treatment.
Co-Authors Labitta Pachira Aquaira Nanda Kurnia Ramadhan Rina Purnamasari