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Beyond International Aid: The Strategy of Local NGOs in Post-Disaster Community Economic Empowerment in Aceh Muhammad Asief Alizarzady
Journal of Aceh Studies Vol. 4 No. 1 (2027): Journal of Aceh Studies: January
Publisher : Winaya Inspirasi Nusantara Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63924/joas.v4i1.281

Abstract

Following the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, the scale of international aid that flowed into Aceh exposed a structural problem instead of solving one. Assistance concentrated in areas that were physically accessible, while many rural communities remained underserved, producing new inequalities rather than an even recovery. This gap opened space for local civil society organizations to take on roles that neither the state nor international agencies had filled. This study examines how Forum Bangun Aceh (FBA), a Banda Aceh based local NGO, strategized community empowerment through its Economic Empowerment program between 2005 and 2019. Using a qualitative case study approach built on systematic document analysis, the study applies Friedmann's (1992) three-dimensional empowerment framework, enabling, empowering, and protecting, to trace how FBA's programs evolved over fifteen years. The findings show that FBA's strategy coherently spans all three dimensions: enabling through post-disaster recovery and disaster risk reduction education, empowering through micro credit, cooperative formation, and skills training rooted in local economic practices, and protecting through multi-stakeholder engagement and advocacy for persons with psychosocial disabilities. These findings carry two implications. Theoretically, they support the argument that empowerment interventions anchored in local value systems tend to outlast those designed externally. Practically, they offer local NGOs and policymakers a working model for sequencing recovery, capacity building, and advocacy without relying on the scale of international actors.
The Cost of Unsustainable Post-Conflict Recovery in Aceh Muhammad Asief Alizarzady
Journal of Aceh Studies Vol. 4 No. 1 (2027): Journal of Aceh Studies: January
Publisher : Winaya Inspirasi Nusantara Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63924/joas.v4i1.323

Abstract

Post-conflict Aceh presents one of the clearest development paradoxes in Southeast Asian history. Despite receiving one of the largest concentrations of post-conflict resources in the region, including more than seven billion US dollars in international reconstruction support and hundreds of trillions of rupiah through Special Autonomy funds since 2008, the province's poverty rate stood at 12.33 percent in March 2025, nearly four percentage points above the national average (BPS, 2025a). This article asks why this happened. Using qualitative document analysis, it examines the foundational legal instruments, institutional reports, and statistical data that governed Aceh's reconstruction from 2005 onward. The analysis integrates three frameworks: Roland Paris's Institutionalization Before Liberalization (IBL) as the primary theoretical lens, Roger Mac Ginty's Hybrid Peace as the secondary lens, and the UN-Habitat Sustainable Reconstruction Framework (SRF) as the operational analytical tool. The findings show that Aceh's reconstruction failed not because resources were absent but because they arrived before the institutional conditions required to manage them productively were built. Governance systems, policy architecture, community participation mechanisms, and service delivery models were all structurally insufficient at the moment fiscal liberalisation occurred. This enabled hybridisation dynamics in which international frameworks and autonomy funds were absorbed into local patron-client networks rather than directed toward development. The article concludes that sustainable post-conflict development requires the prior establishment of enabling conditions, and that transferring resources without those foundations produces not development but new forms of structural vulnerability.