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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA)
Reny Retnaningsih
Midwifery Study Program, Institut Teknologi Sains dan Kesehatan RS dr. Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Mackerel Fish Soup Supplementation on Hemoglobin Levels Among Second-Trimester Pregnant Women with Anemia Eti Eliza; Reny Retnaningsih; Raden Maria Veronika Widiatrilupi
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 2 Agustus 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i2.2034

Abstract

Several maternal and neonatal health issues can contribute to anemia in pregnant women, which is a significant public health concern, particularly during the second trimester. Iron supplementation should be accompanied by local dietary adjustments focused on dietary intake. As an essential component in hemoglobin production, mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is a good source of animal protein due to its high iron and vitamin B12 content. This study aimed to assess changes in hemoglobin levels following mackerel soup supplementation among second-trimester pregnant women with mild anemia. The study used a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design with a total sampling technique involving 32 participants. The intervention consisted of 200 ml of mackerel soup containing 100 grams of mackerel, administered twice a week for three weeks. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention using a digital hemoglobin meter, and data were analyzed using a paired-sample t-test. A significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed, indicating that the mean hemoglobin level increased from 9.941 g/dL before the intervention to 11.053 g/dL after the intervention. In conclusion, mackerel soup supplementation may serve as a complementary food-based nutritional intervention to support the improvement of hemoglobin levels among second-trimester pregnant women with mild anemia.
Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Hemoglobin Levels among Second-Trimester Pregnant Women Munazah Alya Zavirah; Reny Retnaningsih; Sulistiyah Sulistiyah
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Volume 8 Nomor 2 Agustus 2026
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v8i2.2090

Abstract

Anemia during pregnancy remains a major maternal health concern, particularly in the second-trimester when physiological hemodilution may reduce hemoglobin levels. Iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation is the standard intervention for preventing and treating maternal anemia; however, multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) has been proposed as a potentially more comprehensive approach due to its broader nutrient content. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of MMS and IFA in improving hemoglobin levels among second-trimester pregnant women. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design was conducted among 34 pregnant women. Participants were selected using purposive sampling and assigned to either the MMS group (n=17) or the IFA group (n=17). Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention using the EasyTouch GCHb point-of-care device. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and independent t-test/Welch’s t-test with a significance level of 0.05. Baseline hemoglobin levels were similar in both groups (9.82 g/dL). Following the intervention, mean hemoglobin levels increased to 10.47 g/dL in the IFA group and 11.38 g/dL in the MMS group. The mean increase in hemoglobin was significantly greater in the MMS group (1.56±0.59 g/dL) compared with the IFA group (0.65±0.05 g/dL), with a between-group difference of 0.91 g/dL (95% CI 0.61–1.21; p < 0.001; Hedges' g = 2.14). MMS was significantly more effective than IFA in increasing hemoglobin levels among second-trimester pregnant women. These findings suggest that MMS may provide greater benefits in addressing maternal anemia during pregnancy.
Co-Authors Eti Eliza Munazah Alya Zavirah Raden Maria Veronika Widiatrilupi Sulistiyah Sulistiyah