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All Journal Environmental and Materials Applied Environmental Science
Haruki Agustina
Department of Environmental Science, Graduate School of Sustainable Development, Universitas Indonesia, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta 10430
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Physics Other

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Journal : applied environmental science

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Greenhouse gas mitigation from polyethylene terephthalate waste recovery in an urban waste system Risanti Delphia; Dwi Nowo Martono; Haruki Agustina
Applied Environmental Science Vol. 4 No. 1: (July) 2026
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/aes.v4i1.2026.3746

Abstract

Background: The waste management sector significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, particularly through landfilling and open burning practices in developing countries. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste constitutes a substantial fraction of municipal solid waste and may generate considerable emissions when improperly managed. Previous studies have mainly employed life cycle assessment approaches, while facility-level inventory-based assessments remain limited. This study aims to quantify the greenhouse gas mitigation potential of a PET material recovery system using a location-specific inventory approach. Methods: An Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 2 greenhouse gas inventory method was applied within a gate-to-gate system boundary covering collection and material recovery activities. Primary operational data were obtained from a PET material recovery facility in Depok City, Indonesia, with an annual processing capacity of 233,038 kg. Emissions from electricity consumption, transportation, and residual impurities were calculated and compared with a Business-as-Usual scenario consisting of landfilling and open burning. Findings: The material recovery system generated 39.29 t CO₂e/year, equivalent to 0.17 kg CO₂e/kg PET, while the Business-as-Usual scenario produced 363.54 t CO₂e/year or 1.56 kg CO₂e/kg PET, resulting in an emission reduction potential of 324.25 t CO₂e/year. These results indicate that PET material recovery systems generate substantially lower emissions than conventional disposal practices, supporting the role of circular waste management strategies in greenhouse gas mitigation. Conclusion: PET material recovery systems provide significant greenhouse gas mitigation benefits and represent an effective strategy for reducing emissions in the urban waste sector. Operational efficiency and impurity management were identified as important factors influencing emission reduction performance. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a facility-level empirical greenhouse gas inventory using an IPCC Tier 2 approach, providing context-specific evidence beyond conventional life cycle assessment studies.
Comparative analysis of seasonal air quality around an industrial area: A case study using air dispersion modelling and pollution index assessment Prestisia Intan Nurcahyani Kusumaningtyas; Wezia Berkademi; Haruki Agustina
Applied Environmental Science Vol. 4 No. 1: (July) 2026
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/aes.v4i1.2026.3811

Abstract

Background: Manufacturing activities can release combustion gases and fine particles whose ambient distribution varies with meteorology and source characteristics. Integrating source oriented dispersion modelling with Indonesia’s Air Pollutant Standard Index (ISPU) can provide complementary spatial and regulatory interpretations. Methods: This secondary-data case study combined facility monitoring records with archived 24 hour AERMOD outputs for rainy and dry season scenarios in Banten, Indonesia. Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides/nitrogen dioxide (NOx/NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2,5), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were assessed. Model output consistency, units, seasonal differences, and ISPU calculation were independently cross checked. Because complete AERMOD input files, receptor level time series, and co-located monitoring series were unavailable, independent calibration and statistical model observation validation were not performed. Findings: Dry-season maximum concentrations were higher for all modelled pollutants: CO increased from 42.745 to 51.226 µg/m³, NOx from 467.8 to 561 µg/m³, PM₂.₅ from 274 to 329 µg/m³, and SO₂ from 483.9 to 580 µg/m³. The relative increase was approximately 20% for each pollutant. ISPU values were good for CO (39.36), NO₂ (22.64), and SO₂ (36.65), while PM₂.₅ reached 68.68 and was classified as moderate. Conclusion: The combined assessment identifies the dry season as the higher-concentration scenario and PM₂.₅ as the principal ambient-air management priority. Facilities should strengthen dry-season surveillance, fugitive-dust control, filtration maintenance, and combustion-efficiency checks. The results are screening-level and comparative because the study relied on secondary model outputs and one monitoring dataset. Novelty/Originality of this article: The article demonstrates how seasonal AERMOD outputs and pollutant specific ISPU values can be used together to prioritize industrial air quality controls while explicitly distinguishing modelled maxima from measured ambient concentrations.
Co-Authors Dwi Nowo Martono Okta Lian Atikah Prestisia Intan Nurcahyani Kusumaningtyas Risanti Delphia Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo Wezia Berkademi