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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Educational Studies Dialektika kontemporer
Aaron Ogbonnah Nwogu
University of Calabar
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Nursing Social Sciences

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The Disappearing “All”: Rethinking Quantifier Float in Nigerian Languages Aaron Ogbonnah Nwogu
Indonesian Journal of Educational Studies Vol 28, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Educational Studies
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/ijes.v28i2.82744

Abstract

. Quantifier float, a key diagnostic for noun phrase movement in languages like English, is re-examined in Nigerian languages. Elements such as Yoruba papọ̀ and Igbo dum, translated as ‘all’, appear in fixed clause-final positions rather than varying with argument movement. Syntactic tests involving negation, aspect, and serial verb constructions show these are not stranded quantifiers from A-movement. Instead, they are base-generated adverbial quantifiers or low VP-modifiers that link anaphorically to a plural argument. Their fixed distribution and semantic restrictions suggest the quantifier-float diagnostic does not apply here, indicating possible limits to A-movement in Benue-Congo languages and calling for a more nuanced, language-specific approach to movement diagnostics. 
“Oga, I No Fit Enter This One”: The Syntax and Pragmatics of Negotiation in Calabar Motor Parks Aaron Ogbonnah Nwogu
Jurnal Ilmu Sosiologi Dialektika Kontemporer Vol 14, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : dialektika kontemporer

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Abstract

The motor parks of Calabar are sites of intense linguistic creativity, where drivers, conductors, passengers, and hawkers engage in complex verbal negotiations over fares, routes, seating, and goods. These negotiations are conducted primarily in Nigerian Pidgin English, with significant lexical and syntactic influences from Efik and other local languages. This paper examines the linguistic strategies employed in motor park negotiations, focusing on the syntax of bargaining, the pragmatics of persuasion, and the role of code-switching in establishing rapport and asserting authority. Drawing on interactional sociolinguistics and the ethnography of communication, the paper argues that the language of the motor park constitutes a distinctive speech community with its own norms, conventions, and competence requirements. The study employs an ethnographic design combining participant observation at three major motor parks in Calabar with audio recording and transcription of 100 negotiation sequences and semi-structured interviews with 20 drivers, conductors, and regular passengers. The findings reveal that successful negotiation in the motor park requires mastery of specific syntactic constructions, pragmatic strategies, and code-switching patterns that are not explicitly taught but acquired through participation in the speech community. The study contributes to the literature on Nigerian Pidgin, urban language practices, and the linguistic construction of economic exchange.
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