<![CDATA[The rising circulation of cosmetics containing hazardous and/or prohibited ingredients indicates persistent weaknesses in business operators' compliance with product safety standards, thereby posing a potential threat to consumer health. This situation has prompted a regulatory update via BPOM Regulation Number 16 of 2024, serving to harmonize Indonesian regulations with the Agreement on the ASEAN Harmonized Cosmetic Regulatory Scheme (AHCRS), particularly regarding the establishment of limits for cosmetic contaminants. This study aims to analyze the evolution of consumer safety principles through the harmonization of cosmetic contaminant limits in Indonesia, as well as the implications for consumer protection and business operator liability. The research employs a normative legal research method, utilizing both the statute approach and the conceptual approach. The findings indicate that harmonizing cosmetic contaminant limits with ASEAN standards strengthens legal protection for consumers by elevating product safety standards and enhancing requirements for cosmetic notification, labeling, and BPOM supervision. Consumer safety principles are implemented through the application of strict liability to business operators who manufacture or distribute cosmetics failing to meet safety requirements, accompanied by administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions in accordance with statutory regulations. Furthermore, consumers may resolve disputes through litigation or non-litigation mechanisms to obtain compensation. Thus, the harmonization of cosmetic regulations not only supports trade integration within the ASEAN region but also strengthens the consumer protection system in Indonesia by enhancing product safety standards, legal certainty, and business operator accountability.]]>
