Yulinda, Riska
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Karakterisasi Spasial Struktur Bawah Permukaan Gunung Merapi dan Sekitarnya Menggunakan Tomografi Seismik Purba, Joshua; Yulinda, Riska
Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025): JURNAL GEOLOGI DAN SUMBERDAYA MINERAL
Publisher : Pusat Survei Geologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v26i3.987

Abstract

Aktivitas vulkanik intensif di kawasan Gunung Merapi memerlukan pemahaman mendalam terhadap struktur bawah permukaan, terutama dalam konteks mitigasi bahaya erupsi dan analisis sistem magmatik. Namun, keterbatasan resolusi spasial pada studi tomografi sebelumnya menyulitkan identifikasi detail struktur seperti reservoir magma dangkal, zona rekahan, dan sesar aktif yang berperan dalam suplai magma. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkarakterisasi struktur bawah permukaan Gunung Merapi dan wilayah sekitarnya secara spasial melalui tomografi seismik berbasis kecepatan gelombang P (Vp), gelombang S (Vs), dan rasio Vp/Vs. Data seismik lokal yang digunakan berasal dari jaringan broadband DOMERAPI dan BMKG, yang diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak LOTOS-13 dengan pemodelan inversi non-linier. Hasil inversi menunjukkan adanya zona anomali kecepatan rendah dengan rasio Vp/Vs tinggi pada kedalaman <6 km di bawah Merapi, yang diinterpretasikan sebagai reservoir magma dangkal yang kaya fluida. Zona transisi dan reservoir magma menengah teridentifikasi masing-masing pada kedalaman 6–12 km dan 13–16 km. Di bawah Gunung Merbabu, anomali kecepatan lebih lemah tanpa indikasi aktivitas magmatik signifikan, mencerminkan sistem vulkanik yang relatif tidak aktif. Selain itu, zona kecepatan rendah dan rasio Vp/Vs tinggi pada kedalaman 15–18 km di selatan Merapi dikaitkan dengan keberadaan Sesar Opak. Hasil studi ini memperkuat pemahaman mengenai dinamika sistem magmatik serta potensi seismotektonik di kawasan vulkanik Jawa Tengah. Kata Kunci: Tomografi seismik, Gunung Merapi, Struktur bawah permukaan, rasio Vp/Vs, Reservoir Magma   Abstract Intense volcanic activity in the Mount Merapi region necessitates a thorough understanding of its subsurface structure, particularly for eruption hazard mitigation and magmatic system analysis. However, limitations in spatial resolution from previous tomography studies have hindered detailed identification of features such as shallow magma reservoirs, fracture zones, and active faults responsible for magma transport. Therefore, this study aims to identify and spatially characterize the subsurface structure beneath Mount Merapi and its surroundings using seismic tomography based on P-wave velocity (Vp), S-wave velocity (Vs), and Vp/Vs ratio data. Local seismic data were obtained from the DOMERAPI and BMKG broadband networks and processed using the LOTOS-13 software with a non-linear inversion model. The results reveal a low-velocity anomaly zone with a high Vp/Vs ratio at depths of less than 6 km beneath Merapi, interpreted as a shallow, fluid-rich magma reservoir. A transition zone and an intermediate magma reservoir were identified at depths of 6–12 km and 13–16 km, respectively. Beneath Mount Merbabu, weaker velocity anomalies without significant magmatic signals indicate a relatively inactive volcanic system. Additionally, low-velocity and high Vp/Vs ratio zones at depths of 15–18 km south of Merapi are associated with the Opak Fault. These findings enhance our understanding of magmatic dynamics and seismotectonic potential in the Central Java volcanic region. Keywords: Seismic tomography, Mount Merapi, Subsurface structure, Vp/Vs ratio, Magma reservoir
Spatial Analysis of the Seismic Gap Zone Based on Multiparameter Seismotectonics in Southern East Java as an Indicator of Megathrust Earthquake Potential Putri, Diva Maharani; Maharani, Nanda; Ilham, Ilham; Yulinda, Riska
JURNAL GEOCELEBES Vol. 9 No. 2: October 2025
Publisher : Departemen Geofisika, FMIPA - Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70561/geocelebes.v9i2.44633

Abstract

The southern region of East Java is located above an active subduction zone, where the Indo-Australian Plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian Plate. This tectonic condition makes the region potentially susceptible to large-scale megathrust earthquakes. This study aims to characterize the suspected seismic gap segments in the southern subduction zone of East Java, with a primary focus on the area between Pacitan and Lumajang. The approach used is based on high-resolution seismotectonic spatial analysis, combining three main parameters: seismicity distribution, earthquake return period estimates, and a-values and b-values as indicators of tectonic activity and stress condition. The analyzed data covers a long period of time, from 1910 to 2025, and was compiled by the BMKG and USGS catalogs. The results of the analysis show that the Pacitan-Lumajang segment experiences a lack of earthquake activity in the plate interface, although this area is tectonically active. In addition, this segment has a very long return period (> 500 years for Mw7 and > 4,000 years for Mw8), accompanied by low a-value and b-value, indicating low earthquake frequency and high stress accumulation. These findings indicate that the segment is a locked zone that has the potential to release large amounts of energy in the future. The results of this study provide an initial contribution in understanding the spatial distribution of seismic activity in the southern region of East Java, and can be used as supporting considerations in initial disaster risk assessments, especially in densely populated coastal areas.