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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi Indonesia)
Bismarck Joel Laihad
Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sam Ratulangi Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Risk Factor Analysis in Young Adult Patients with Cervical Cancer Vrince Merlin Freshilia; Bismarck Joel Laihad; Juneke Joice Kaeng
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 14. No. 2 April 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32771/inajog.v14i2.2191

Abstract

Objective: To identify risk factors associated with cervical cancer and determine the strongest predictors among young adults at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital. Methods: This study employed an analytical case–control design. Sampling was performed using a total sampling method, including all cervical cancer patients aged <45 years treated at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023. The independent variables included educational level, occupation, nutritional status, age at first sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners, type of contraception, and parity. Associations between variables were analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 210 participants were included, comprising 105 cases and 105 controls. The most common age group was 30–39 years (51%). The predominant histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (82%), and most cases were diagnosed at stage IIB–IIIC1r (73%). Educational level (p=0.318) and occupation (p=0.972) were not significantly associated with cervical cancer in young adults. In contrast, normal nutritional status (p<0.001), age at first sexual intercourse ≤18 years (p<0.001), multiple sexual partners (p<0.001), use of hormonal contraception (p<0.001), and multiparity (p<0.001) were significantly associated with cervical cancer in young adults. Conclusions: Early age at first sexual intercourse (≤18 years), multiple sexual partners, use of hormonal contraception, and multiparity are significant risk factors for cervical cancer in young adults. Keywords: cervical cancer, risk factor, young adult
Co-Authors Juneke Joice Kaeng Vrince Merlin Freshilia