<![CDATA[Indonesia is currently facing an increase in fuel oil (BBM) consumption that is not matched by domestic production, resulting in Indonesia becoming a net oil importer. To maintain price and supply stability, the government has implemented a single-gate fuel import policy by strengthening the role of Pertamina. However, this policy is short-term in nature and does not provide structural protection against the risks of global price fluctuations and supply disruptions. The high level of dependence on imports therefore remains a serious threat to national energy security. At the same time, Indonesia does not yet have a comprehensive legal framework governing the establishment and management of a Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR). In fact, the SPR functions as an emergency reserve policy instrument that can safeguard supply during crisis situations without requiring direct intervention in market mechanisms. This study examines the urgency of regulating the SPR within Indonesia’s energy law by conducting a comparative analysis with the legal framework of the United States, as regulated under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) of 1975. The study shows that the U.S. SPR system is able to balance market mechanisms and state intervention, while strengthening national energy security through a strong legal foundation. This research recommends that reform of Indonesia’s energy law through the establishment of an SPR policy is urgently needed to reduce import dependence and to strengthen the sustainable stability of energy supply.]]>
