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Muhamad Khozinul Huda
Elementary School Teacher Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Cirebon, Cirebon, 45153, Indonesia
Religion Humanities Education Library & Information Science Other

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The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Worksheets on Fifth-Grade Students’ IPAS Learning Outcomes Shinta Mutiara Dewi; Muhamad Khozinul Huda; Susilawati Susilawati
Journal of Educational Sciences Vol. 10 No. 8 (2026): Journal of Educational Sciences
Publisher : FKIP - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jes.10.8.p.943-957

Abstract

Low student participation and limited use of worksheets remain challenges in fifth-grade Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) instruction, particularly in lessons requiring problem-solving. This study examined the effect of Problem-Based Learning (PBL)-based student worksheets (LKPD) on students’ cognitive learning outcomes in the water cycle unit. This quantitative study used a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design, with students remaining in their existing classes rather than being randomly assigned. The study involved 47 fifth-grade students at SDN 1 Trusmi Wetan, with 23 students in the experimental group and 24 in the control group. Learning outcomes were measured using a validated 20-item multiple-choice test, while an observation sheet assessed learning implementation. After confirming normality and homogeneity, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, N-Gain, an independent-samples t-test, and Cohen’s d. The experimental group obtained an average posttest score of 78.91 and an N-Gain of 56.32%, compared with 71.46 and 31.55% in the control group. The groups differed significantly (p = 0.018), and the effect size was moderate, with Cohen’s d = 0.72. These findings show that PBL-based worksheets positively and significantly affect students’ cognitive learning outcomes.
Co-Authors Shinta Mutiara Dewi Susilawati Susilawati