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Ahmad Mukri Aji
Universitas Islam Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Perbandingan Tingkatan Mujtahid dalam Empat Mazhab: Ushul Fikih dan Kontekstualisasi Ijtihad Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51291

Abstract

This study examines the hierarchical classification of mujtahid within the four Sunni schools through a comparative ushul al-fiqh perspective, emphasizing its relevance for the contextualization of ijtihad. It highlights levels such as mujtahid mutlaq, mujtahid mazhab, mujtahid tarjīḥ, and mujtahid fatwa, which reflect varying degrees of authority and competence in legal reasoning. While Hanafi and Maliki approaches demonstrate greater flexibility and contextual adaptation, Shafi‘i and Hanbali traditions emphasize methodological rigor and textual discipline. The study argues that this hierarchy enables continuity and innovation in Islamic law. In contemporary settings, activating these levels supports adaptive, methodologically grounded, and context-sensitive legal responses. Keywords: Mujtahid Levels, Ijtihad, Ushul al-Fiqh  
Dinamika Ijtihad dalam Lembaga Fatwa Kontemporer: Perspektif Ushul Fikih dan Kontekstualisasi Ijtihad Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51319

Abstract

This study analyzes the dynamics of ijtihad within contemporary fatwa institutions through a comparative ushul al-fiqh framework, emphasizing its role in contextualizing Islamic law. It argues that modern fatwa institutions have transformed ijtihad from an individual to a collective and institutional process, integrating multidisciplinary expertise. While rooted in classical methodologies, these institutions employ maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah to address complex global issues. Comparative insights show a synthesis of madhhab approaches, balancing flexibility and methodological rigor. Despite challenges such as political influence and information overload, fatwa institutions remain crucial mediators between tradition and modernity, ensuring relevant, accountable, and context-sensitive Islamic legal development. Keywords: Ijtihad, Fatwa Institutions, Ushul al-Fiqh  
Dinamika Ijtihad dalam Lembaga Fatwa Kontemporer: Perspektif Ushul Fikih dan Kontekstualisasi Ijtihad Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51320

Abstract

This study examines the role of mujtahids within the Hanafi and Hanbali schools through a comparative ushul al-fiqh perspective, emphasizing their relevance for the contextualization of ijtihad. It argues that the Hanafi model prioritizes rationality and adaptability through ra’y, qiyas, and istihsan, enabling flexible responses to social realities. In contrast, the Hanbali approach emphasizes textual fidelity and methodological caution, ensuring normative consistency. However, later developments in Hanbali thought incorporate maqāṣid-oriented reasoning. The study concludes that integrating both rational and textual approaches allows Islamic law to remain adaptive, credible, and responsive to contemporary legal challenges. Keywords: Mujtahid, Ijtihad, Ushul al-Fiqh  
Analisis Taqlid dalam Perspektif Ushul Fikih Modern: Kontekstualisasi Ijtihad dan Reorientasi Otoritas Keilmuan Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51321

Abstract

This study examines taqlid within the framework of modern ushul al-fiqh, focusing on its relationship with the contextualization of ijtihad and the reorientation of scholarly authority. It argues that classical taqlid functioned as a necessary epistemological mechanism to preserve legal stability, rather than as an obstacle to intellectual progress. Through a comparative analysis, the study shows that contemporary critiques often conflate legitimate taqlid with uncritical imitation. Modern ushul al-fiqh reconstructs taqlid as methodological adherence that supports collective and context-sensitive ijtihad. The study concludes that redefined taqlid complements ijtihad, ensuring continuity, legitimacy, and adaptability of Islamic law in rapidly changing social and intellectual contexts. Keywords: Taqlid, Ijtihad, Ushul al-Fiqh  
Perbandingan Kebebasan Berijtihad dalam Tradisi Mazhab: Ushul Fikih dan Kontekstualisasi Ijtihad Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51322

Abstract

This study compares the scope of freedom in exercising ijtihad across the four Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence through a comparative ushul al-fiqh perspective. It argues that freedom of ijtihad has never been absolute but has always been regulated by methodological frameworks shaped by each madhhab’s epistemological orientation. The Hanafi and Maliki schools emphasize substantive and contextual flexibility through rational reasoning and public interest, while the Shafi‘i and Hanbali schools prioritize methodological discipline and textual fidelity. The study concludes that these diverse models represent complementary approaches. In contemporary contexts, integrating their strengths enables responsible contextualization of ijtihad while preserving normative continuity and scholarly legitimacy. Keywords: Ijtihad, Madhhab, Ushul al-Fiqh
Ijtihad dan Otoritas Keilmuan dalam Ushul Fikih: Antara Tradisi Normatif dan Kontekstualisasi Hukum Islam Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51323

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between ijtihad and scholarly authority within ushul al-fiqh, focusing on the tension between normative tradition and contemporary contextualization of Islamic law. It argues that ijtihad has always been governed by epistemological frameworks that define legitimate authority through methodological competence and hierarchical expertise. Classical ushul al-fiqh regulated ijtihad to prevent arbitrariness, while modern contexts demand adaptive reasoning to address complex social realities. Through comparative analysis, the study shows that contemporary ijtihad requires reconstructing scholarly authority toward collective, institutional, and maqāṣid-oriented models. This approach preserves methodological integrity while enabling Islamic law to remain dynamic, credible, and responsive to modern challenges. Keywords: Ijtihad, Scholarly Authority, Ushul al-Fiqh  
Perbandingan Metodologi Fatwa antara Ulama Klasik dan Modern: Ushul Fikih dan Kontekstualisasi Ijtihad Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51324

Abstract

This study compares the methodologies of fatwa formulation between classical and modern scholars through a comparative ushul al-fiqh perspective, emphasizing the contextualization of ijtihad. It argues that classical fatwas were predominantly text-based, madhhab-oriented, and individual in nature, reflecting relatively stable social contexts. In contrast, modern fatwa methodologies respond to complex contemporary realities through collective ijtihad, interdisciplinary analysis, and a strong orientation toward maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Despite methodological shifts, both approaches remain grounded in ushul al-fiqh. The study concludes that modern fatwa methodology represents a contextual extension of the classical tradition, balancing textual fidelity with social relevance to ensure Islamic law remains adaptive, legitimate, and responsive to modern challenges. Keywords: Fatwa Methodology, Ijtihad, Ushul al-Fiqh  
Integrasi Ijtihad dan Taqlid dalam Pengembangan Hukum Islam Kontemporer Ahmad Mukri Aji
BULETIN ADALAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/adalah.v9i1.51325

Abstract

This study examines the integration of ijtihad and taqlid in the development of contemporary Islamic law through a comparative ushul al-fiqh perspective. It argues that viewing these concepts dichotomously obscures their complementary epistemological roles. While ijtihad provides legal dynamism and adaptability, taqlid ensures continuity, stability, and legitimate transmission of scholarly authority. Through historical and methodological analysis, the study highlights taqlid metodologis and collective ijtihad as effective models for contextualizing Islamic law without undermining its classical foundations. This integrative approach enables Islamic legal reasoning to remain coherent, responsive, and normatively grounded amid modern social and intellectual transformations. Keywords: Ijtihad, Taqlid, Ushul al-Fiqh  
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