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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology
Rini Selly
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Medan, North Sumatera, 20221, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Characterization of the Physical and Biodegradation Properties of Biodegradable Plastic from Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Young Coconut Shells and Cassava Starch Putri Faradilla; Rini Selly; Adelia Febriyossa; Moondra Zubir; Siti Rahmah; Dwi Sapri Ramadhan; Tesalonika Bela
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): JANUARY 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v9i1.72442

Abstract

Biodegradable plastics derived from renewable biomass were synthesized using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) isolated from young coconut husk and cassava starch at different CMC:starch ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1). Physical characterization included tensile strength, elongation, Young’s modulus, and water resistance, while biodegradation performance was assessed through a 15-day soil burial test. The tensile strength reached its highest value at a ratio of 2:1 (2.0068 MPa), fulfilling the JIS 2-1707 requirement for biodegradable films. Elongation values were inversely related to CMC content, with the highest elongation (62.69%) observed at the 1:2 ratio. Water resistance was also optimal at the 1:2 ratio, indicating lower hydrophilicity compared to CMC-rich films. Biodegradation tests showed that bioplastics with higher CMC content (2:1) degraded fastest, achieving 97.37% mass loss on day 15. These findings demonstrate that the CMC:starch ratio significantly affects mechanical stability, moisture sensitivity, and biodegradation rate. Overall, the bioplastic films developed in this study exhibit promising properties for eco-friendly and lightweight packaging applications.
Co-Authors Adelia Febriyossa Dwi Sapri Ramadhan Moondra Zubir Putri Faradilla Siti Rahmah Tesalonika Bela