<![CDATA[Background: Toxoplasmosis is a globally distributed zoonotic infection caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The infection is of particular importance among women of reproductive age because of its potential implications for maternal and fetal health. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among women in Mukalla City, Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen, and to assess its relationship with selected demographic, reproductive, and hematological factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 192 women aged 17–42 years who attended selected healthcare centers and hospitals in Mukalla City. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic, reproductive, and exposure-related information, including residence, occupation, cat contact, and abortion history. Hematological parameters were also recorded. Results: Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 140 participants (72.9%), while anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies were detected in 40 participants (20.8%). Both IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in 12 participants (6.25%). A statistically significant association was observed between occupation and anti-T. gondii IgG seropositivity (p = 0.002), whereas no significant association was found between occupation and IgM seropositivity (p = 0.814). No statistically significant associations were observed between T. gondii seropositivity and residence or reported cat contact. Correlation analysis showed very weak positive correlations between age and IgG (r = 0.029) and IgM (r = 0.008), while weak negative correlations were observed between WBC counts, hemoglobin levels, abortion history, and anti-T. gondii antibody seropositivity. Conclusion: The study demonstrated a high seroprevalence of T. gondii among women in Mukalla City, indicating substantial exposure to the parasite within the studied population. The findings highlight the importance of continued awareness and preventive measures against toxoplasmosis among women of reproductive age in Hadhramout Governorate.]]>
