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Lotion Quality in Terms of Physical and Chemical Properties at Different ConcentrationsButterfly Pea Flower Extract Ayu Putri MS; Diana Nurul Homaida; Dina Trianggaluh Fauziah; Neny Poerwahyuningrum
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.86

ABSTRACT Butterfly pea flowers were chosen because they contain active substances such as flavonoids and anthocyanins, which are known to have strong antioxidant properties and are suitable for use in topical products such as lotions. This study aimed to develop and assess the physical and chemical quality testing of lotion formulations derived from ethanol extract of butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.). Extraction was carried out using a maceration technique with 96% ethanol. Three different lotion formulations were made with various concentrations of butterfly pea flower extract: 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. Formulation assessment was carried out through physical and chemical quality examinations, which included organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity test, pH measurement, viscosity analysis, adhesion test, and spreadability assessment. The test results showed that each formulation met the physical and chemical quality standards required for topical products. The formulation containing 1.5% extract showed the greatest viscosity and adhesion, but had the lowest spreadability. Conversely, the formula with 0.5% extract showed the best spreadability despite having a lower viscosity. pH assessment confirmed that all formulations were within the skin-safe range (4.5–8). Changes in the concentration of ethanol extract from butterfly pea flowers affected the physical attributes of the lotion formulations, such as viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and acidity. However, the acidity of the lotion formulations was still below the skin's acidity standards. Key words: Clitoria ternatea L., Lotion, Physical quality test, Chemical Quality test

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEDICATION COMPLIANCE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF DYSLIPIDEMIA PATIENTS AT THE ARJASA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER Ayu Putri MS; Eri Suyoko
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.88

Dyslipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder characterized by elevated total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, and/or decreased HDL cholesterol. In Indonesia, the prevalence of dyslipidemia among middle-aged adults (40–60 years) reaches 50.3% (Permatasari & Syauqy, 2022). Patient adherence to lipid-lowering medication plays a key role in controlling blood lipid profiles and preventing cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between adherence to antidyslipidemic medication and clinical outcomes among outpatient dyslipidemia patients at Arjasa Community Health Center. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional observational design. The study was conducted in June 2026 at Arjasa Community Health Center, Jember Regency, using a total sampling technique involving 41 dyslipidemia patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Adherence was assessed using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, while clinical outcomes were evaluated based on total cholesterol levels obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.The majority of respondents (61.0%) were categorized as adherent, and 58.5% had normal total cholesterol levels (<200 mg/dL). The Chi-Square test showed a Pearson Chi-Square value of 22.913 with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a significant relationship between medication adherence and clinical outcomes. The contingency coefficient (C) of 0.599 indicated a moderately strong association. There is a significant relationship between adherence to antidyslipidemic medication and clinical outcomes among dyslipidemia patients at Arjasa Community Health Center. Higher levels of medication adherence are associated with a greater likelihood of achieving normal total cholesterol levels. Key words: Dyslipidemia, medication adherence, clinical outcomes, total cholesterol, Arjasa Community Health Center.

Evaluation Of Bronchodilator Use In Copd Patients Using The Atc/Ddd And Du90% Methods At Jember Paru Hospital Ayu Putri MS; Adinda Safira
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.89

Bronchodilators are the primary therapy in the management of COPD; therefore, evaluating their use is crucial to ensure the rationality, safety, and effectiveness of treatment. This study aimed to evaluate bronchodilator use among hospitalized COPD patients at Jember Lung Hospital using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) and Drug Utilization 90% (DU90%) methods. The study employed a non-experimental, quantitative observational design with a retrospective approach. Data were obtained from the medical records of hospitalized COPD patients at Jember Lung Hospital for the period of January–December 2025. The study population consisted of 170 patients, with a sample of 120 patients selected via purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that the patient population was predominantly male (65%) and in the >66 age group (46.67%). Bronchodilators were most frequently administered via the inhalation route (56.84%), with Meprovent being the most commonly prescribed drug (47.54%), followed by Theobron (20.21%) and aminophylline (15.30%). Evaluation using the ATC/DDD method revealed that the Meprovent inhaler had the highest utilization rate, at 59.21 DDD/100 patient-days. Based on the DU90% analysis, the bronchodilators included in the DU90% segment were Meprovent inhaler, oral Theobron, and Farbivent inhaler, whereas intravenous aminophylline, oral Teosal, Spiriva inhaler, Combivent inhaler, and Spiolto inhaler fell into the DU10% segment. The study concludes that the Meprovent inhaler had the highest utilization rate; Meprovent inhaler, oral Theobron, and Farbivent inhaler showed high usage intensity among hospitalized COPD patients. Keywords: COPD, bronchodilator, ATC/DDD, DU90%, drug utilization evaluation.

Identification of Antibiotic Dose Appropriateness in Patients with Non-Pneumonia Acute Respiratory Tract Infection at Community Health Center X Ayu Putri MS; Handa Riyatul Masruroh; Shinta Mayasari; Wima Anggitasari
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.90

An Non-pneumonia acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is one of the most common diseases in the community and a frequent cause of patient visits to healthcare facilities. Based on a preliminary study, non-pneumonia ARTI was among the ten most prevalent diseases at Community Health Center X, with 266 reported cases during the period of January–December 2025. The high incidence of non-pneumonia ARTI has led to increased antibiotic use. Therefore, antibiotics should be used rationally, including through appropriate dosing. Inappropriate antibiotic dosing may reduce therapeutic effectiveness and increase the risk of bacterial resistance. This study aimed to identify the appropriateness of antibiotic dosing in patients with non-pneumonia ARTI at Community Health Center X. This study employed a descriptive observational design with a retrospective approach. A total of 160 patients were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected from the medical records of patients with non-pneumonia ARTI, and the appropriateness of antibiotic dosing was evaluated based on the Community Health Center X Formulary. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that, among the 160 patients with non-pneumonia ARTI, the largest age group was children aged 0–5 years, accounting for 46 patients (28.8%). Amoxicillin was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic (77%), followed by ciprofloxacin (23%). The most commonly prescribed dosage strengths were amoxicillin 500 mg (48.1%), amoxicillin 125 mg (18.8%), and ciprofloxacin 500 mg (23.1%). The most common dosing frequency was three times daily (76.9%), followed by twice daily (23.1%). Evaluation of antibiotic dose appropriateness showed that all 160 patients (100%) received appropriate antibiotic doses. In conclusion, all patients with non-pneumonia ARTI at Community Health Center X received appropriate antibiotic doses.

Analysis of Direct Medical Costs for Inpatients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at Jember Lung Hospital Ayu Putri MS; Devi Rahayu; Shinta Mayasari; Wima Anggitasari
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.91

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation. The goals of COPD therapy are to reduce symptoms, decrease exacerbations, improve quality of life, and reduce mortality (Kristiningrum, 2019). Differences in patient characteristic and disease severity may affect therapeutic needs and the costs incurred by patients. Direct medical cost analysis is one of the components of the Cost Of Illness method used to determine the economic burden of a disease (Andayani, 2022). This study aimed to analyze the direct medical costs of hospitalized COPD patients at Jember Lung Hospital. This study was an observational descriptive study with a retrospective design using secondary data from medical records of COPD patients during the January-October 2025 period. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a total sample of 71 patients. Cost analysis was performed using the Cost Of Illness (COI) method. The results showed that COPD patients were predominantly male with 53 patients (74,65%), aged 60-69 years with 32 patients (45,07%), and had a length of stay of 4-6 days with 40 patients (56,33%). The average medication cost was IDR 986.697, treatment cost was IDR 1.394.451, and laboratory cost was IDR 137.242. The average direct medical cost was IDR 2.518.390, which was lower than the INA-CBG’s tariff of IDR 4.888.400. Treatment cost was the largest cost component contributing to the direct medical costs of hospitalized COPD patients. Key words: COPD; direct medical cost; Cost of Illness; pharmacoeconomics; COPD; hospitalization

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