<![CDATA[Perawatan bonsai beringin (Ficus) di dalam ruangan menghadapi dua kendala utama, yaitu keterbatasan intensitas cahaya untuk fotosintesis dan pemantauan derajat keasaman (pH) media tanam yang masih dilakukan secara manual. Penelitian ini merancang dan mengimplementasikan Smart-Bonsai System, yaitu sistem berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang mengendalikan pencahayaan spektrum secara otomatis sekaligus memantau pH tanah secara real-time. Sistem dibangun menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor cahaya BH1750, sensor pH tanah, modul relay, dan lampu grow light, dengan pengembangan mengikuti model Prototyping. Data sensor dikirim melalui protokol HTTP POST ke basis data MySQL dan divisualisasikan pada dashboard web berbasis PHP Native. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan aktuator grow light aktif secara otomatis ketika intensitas cahaya berada di bawah ambang batas 485 lux hasil kalibrasi empiris, dan padam kembali ketika kebutuhan cahaya terpenuhi. Penerapan Moving Average Filter dengan ukuran jendela N = 3 meredam lonjakan pembacaan pH sebesar 2,1 satuan menjadi hanya 0,6 satuan pada keluaran terfilter. Pengujian transmisi menghasilkan rata-rata waktu respons 4,10 detik tanpa kehilangan paket data, sedangkan pengujian penerimaan pengguna memperoleh skor rata-rata 4,17 dari 5 atau 83,33% dengan kategori sangat baik, sehingga sistem dinilai layak diterapkan pada skala rumah tangga. The maintenance of banyan bonsai (Ficus) in indoor environments faces two main obstacles, namely the limited light intensity required for photosynthesis and the manual monitoring of the growing medium acidity (pH). This study designs and implements the Smart-Bonsai System, an Internet of Things (IoT) based system that automatically controls spectrum lighting while monitoring soil pH in real time. The system was built using an ESP32 microcontroller, a BH1750 light sensor, a soil pH sensor, a relay module, and a grow light, and was developed following the Prototyping model. Sensor data are transmitted through the HTTP POST protocol into a MySQL database and visualised on a PHP Native web dashboard. The test results show that the grow light actuator is automatically activated when the light intensity falls below the empirically calibrated threshold of 485 lux and switched off once the light requirement is fulfilled. Applying a Moving Average Filter with a window size of N = 3 reduced a pH reading spike of 2.1 units to only 0.6 units in the filtered output. Transmission testing produced an average response time of 4.10 seconds without packet loss, while user acceptance testing obtained an average score of 4.17 out of 5 or 83.33% in the very good category, indicating that the system is feasible for household-scale implementation.]]>
