<![CDATA[Introduction: Preeclampsia affects approximately 4.6% of pregnancies worldwide and remains a major cause of maternal mortality and severe morbidity. Its pathogenesis involves an exaggerated pro-inflammatory response, in which tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) contributes to endothelial injury and subsequent multi-organ dysfunction, including hepatic damage. Nigella sativa (black seed), particularly its principal bioactive constituent, thymoquinone, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may attenuate TNF-α-mediated signaling and protect hepatocytes. This study evaluated the effects of ethanolic Nigella sativa extract on hepatocyte TNF-α expression and liver histological changes in a preeclampsia mouse model (Mus musculus). Material and Methods: An in vivo true experimental study with a post-test-only controlled-group design was conducted. Preeclampsia was induced in pregnant mice through intraperitoneal injection of pooled serum obtained from women with severe preeclampsia. Ethanolic Nigella sativa extract was administered by gavage at doses of 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kgBW/day from gestational days 15 to 20. Outcomes included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, urinary protein excretion, hepatocyte TNF-α expression assessed by immunohistochemistry, and liver histomorphology evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Nigella sativa extract at 1500 mg/kg BW significantly reduced hepatocyte TNF-α expression (p = 0.048), attenuated hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, and decreased hepatic inflammation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Ethanolic Nigella sativa extract reduces hepatocyte TNF-α expression and improves hepatic histological alterations in a preeclampsia mouse model (Mus musculus).]]>
